4g0n

From Proteopedia

(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 1: Line 1:
-
{{STRUCTURE_4g0n| PDB=4g0n | SCENE= }}
+
==Crystal Structure of wt H-Ras-GppNHp bound to the RBD of Raf Kinase==
-
===Crystal Structure of wt H-Ras-GppNHp bound to the RBD of Raf Kinase===
+
<StructureSection load='4g0n' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4g0n]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.45&Aring;' scene=''>
-
 
+
== Structural highlights ==
-
==Disease==
+
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4g0n]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4G0N OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4G0N FirstGlance]. <br>
 +
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTU:(2R,3S)-1,4-DIMERCAPTOBUTANE-2,3-DIOL'>DTU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GNP:PHOSPHOAMINOPHOSPHONIC+ACID-GUANYLATE+ESTER'>GNP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
 +
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">HRAS, HRAS1 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), RAF1, RAF ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
 +
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-specific_serine/threonine_protein_kinase Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.1 2.7.11.1] </span></td></tr>
 +
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4g0n FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4g0n OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4g0n RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4g0n PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
 +
</table>
 +
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASH_HUMAN RASH_HUMAN]] Defects in HRAS are the cause of faciocutaneoskeletal syndrome (FCSS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/218040 218040]]. A rare condition characterized by prenatally increased growth, postnatal growth deficiency, mental retardation, distinctive facial appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities (typically pulmonic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or atrial tachycardia), tumor predisposition, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities.<ref>PMID:16170316</ref> <ref>PMID:16329078</ref> <ref>PMID:16443854</ref> <ref>PMID:17054105</ref> <ref>PMID:18247425</ref> <ref>PMID:18039947</ref> <ref>PMID:19995790</ref> Defects in HRAS are the cause of congenital myopathy with excess of muscle spindles (CMEMS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/218040 218040]]. CMEMS is a variant of Costello syndrome.<ref>PMID:17412879</ref> Defects in HRAS may be a cause of susceptibility to Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/607464 607464]]. Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of all thyroid cancers. Although they are classified as variants of follicular neoplasms, they are more often multifocal and somewhat more aggressive and are less likely to take up iodine than are other follicular neoplasms. Note=Mutations which change positions 12, 13 or 61 activate the potential of HRAS to transform cultured cells and are implicated in a variety of human tumors. Defects in HRAS are a cause of susceptibility to bladder cancer (BLC) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/109800 109800]]. A malignancy originating in tissues of the urinary bladder. It often presents with multiple tumors appearing at different times and at different sites in the bladder. Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas. They begin in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder. Other types of bladder cancer include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Bladder cancer is a complex disorder with both genetic and environmental influences. Note=Defects in HRAS are the cause of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).<ref>PMID:1459726</ref> Defects in HRAS are the cause of Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome (SFM) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/163200 163200]]. A disease characterized by sebaceous nevi, often on the face, associated with variable ipsilateral abnormalities of the central nervous system, ocular anomalies, and skeletal defects. Many oral manifestations have been reported, not only including hypoplastic and malformed teeth, and mucosal papillomatosis, but also ankyloglossia, hemihyperplastic tongue, intraoral nevus, giant cell granuloma, ameloblastoma, bone cysts, follicular cysts, oligodontia, and odontodysplasia. Sebaceous nevi follow the lines of Blaschko and these can continue as linear intraoral lesions, as in mucosal papillomatosis.<ref>PMID:22683711</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAF1_HUMAN RAF1_HUMAN]] Defects in RAF1 are the cause of Noonan syndrome type 5 (NS5) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/611553 611553]]. Noonan syndrome (NS) is a disorder characterized by dysmorphic facial features, short stature, hypertelorism, cardiac anomalies, deafness, motor delay, and a bleeding diathesis. It is a genetically heterogeneous and relatively common syndrome, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 1000-2500 live births.<ref>PMID:17603483</ref> <ref>PMID:17603482</ref> <ref>PMID:20683980</ref> Defects in RAF1 are the cause of LEOPARD syndrome type 2 (LEOPARD2) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/611554 611554]]. LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder allelic with Noonan syndrome. The acronym LEOPARD stands for lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth, and deafness.<ref>PMID:17603483</ref>
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASH_HUMAN RASH_HUMAN]] Defects in HRAS are the cause of faciocutaneoskeletal syndrome (FCSS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/218040 218040]]. A rare condition characterized by prenatally increased growth, postnatal growth deficiency, mental retardation, distinctive facial appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities (typically pulmonic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or atrial tachycardia), tumor predisposition, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities.<ref>PMID:16170316</ref> <ref>PMID:16329078</ref> <ref>PMID:16443854</ref> <ref>PMID:17054105</ref> <ref>PMID:18247425</ref> <ref>PMID:18039947</ref> <ref>PMID:19995790</ref> Defects in HRAS are the cause of congenital myopathy with excess of muscle spindles (CMEMS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/218040 218040]]. CMEMS is a variant of Costello syndrome.<ref>PMID:17412879</ref> Defects in HRAS may be a cause of susceptibility to Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/607464 607464]]. Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of all thyroid cancers. Although they are classified as variants of follicular neoplasms, they are more often multifocal and somewhat more aggressive and are less likely to take up iodine than are other follicular neoplasms. Note=Mutations which change positions 12, 13 or 61 activate the potential of HRAS to transform cultured cells and are implicated in a variety of human tumors. Defects in HRAS are a cause of susceptibility to bladder cancer (BLC) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/109800 109800]]. A malignancy originating in tissues of the urinary bladder. It often presents with multiple tumors appearing at different times and at different sites in the bladder. Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas. They begin in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder. Other types of bladder cancer include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Bladder cancer is a complex disorder with both genetic and environmental influences. Note=Defects in HRAS are the cause of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).<ref>PMID:1459726</ref> Defects in HRAS are the cause of Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome (SFM) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/163200 163200]]. A disease characterized by sebaceous nevi, often on the face, associated with variable ipsilateral abnormalities of the central nervous system, ocular anomalies, and skeletal defects. Many oral manifestations have been reported, not only including hypoplastic and malformed teeth, and mucosal papillomatosis, but also ankyloglossia, hemihyperplastic tongue, intraoral nevus, giant cell granuloma, ameloblastoma, bone cysts, follicular cysts, oligodontia, and odontodysplasia. Sebaceous nevi follow the lines of Blaschko and these can continue as linear intraoral lesions, as in mucosal papillomatosis.<ref>PMID:22683711</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAF1_HUMAN RAF1_HUMAN]] Defects in RAF1 are the cause of Noonan syndrome type 5 (NS5) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/611553 611553]]. Noonan syndrome (NS) is a disorder characterized by dysmorphic facial features, short stature, hypertelorism, cardiac anomalies, deafness, motor delay, and a bleeding diathesis. It is a genetically heterogeneous and relatively common syndrome, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 1000-2500 live births.<ref>PMID:17603483</ref> <ref>PMID:17603482</ref> <ref>PMID:20683980</ref> Defects in RAF1 are the cause of LEOPARD syndrome type 2 (LEOPARD2) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/611554 611554]]. LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder allelic with Noonan syndrome. The acronym LEOPARD stands for lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth, and deafness.<ref>PMID:17603483</ref>
 +
== Function ==
 +
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASH_HUMAN RASH_HUMAN]] Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity.<ref>PMID:14500341</ref> <ref>PMID:9020151</ref> <ref>PMID:12740440</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAF1_HUMAN RAF1_HUMAN]] Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation.<ref>PMID:9360956</ref> <ref>PMID:11427728</ref> <ref>PMID:11719507</ref> <ref>PMID:15385642</ref> <ref>PMID:15618521</ref> <ref>PMID:15849194</ref> <ref>PMID:16924233</ref>
 +
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
 +
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
 +
The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signal transduction pathway is a major regulator of cell proliferation activated by Ras-guanosine triphosphate (GTP). The oncogenic mutant RasQ61L is not able to hydrolyze GTP in the presence of Raf and thus is a constitutive activator of this mitogenic pathway. The Ras/Raf interaction is essential for the activation of the Raf kinase domain through a currently unknown mechanism. We present the crystal structures of the Ras-GppNHp/Raf-RBD and RasQ61L-GppNHp/Raf-RBD complexes, which, in combination with MD simulations, reveal differences in allosteric interactions leading from the Ras/Raf interface to the Ras calcium-binding site and to the remote Raf-RBD loop L4. In the presence of Raf, the RasQ61L mutant has a rigid switch II relative to the wild-type and increased flexibility at the interface with switch I, which propagates across Raf-RBD. We show that in addition to local perturbations on Ras, RasQ61L has substantial long-range effects on the Ras allosteric lobe and on Raf-RBD.
-
==Function==
+
Allosteric Effects of the Oncogenic RasQ61L Mutant on Raf-RBD.,Fetics SK, Guterres H, Kearney BM, Buhrman G, Ma B, Nussinov R, Mattos C Structure. 2015 Mar 3;23(3):505-16. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2014.12.017. Epub 2015 Feb, 12. PMID:25684575<ref>PMID:25684575</ref>
-
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASH_HUMAN RASH_HUMAN]] Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity.<ref>PMID:14500341</ref> <ref>PMID:9020151</ref> <ref>PMID:12740440</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAF1_HUMAN RAF1_HUMAN]] Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation.<ref>PMID:9360956</ref> <ref>PMID:11427728</ref> <ref>PMID:11719507</ref> <ref>PMID:15385642</ref> <ref>PMID:15618521</ref> <ref>PMID:15849194</ref> <ref>PMID:16924233</ref>
+
-
==About this Structure==
+
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
-
[[4g0n]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4G0N OCA].
+
</div>
-
==Reference==
+
==See Also==
-
<references group="xtra"/><references/>
+
*[[GTPase HRas|GTPase HRas]]
-
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
+
*[[Serine/threonine protein kinase|Serine/threonine protein kinase]]
 +
== References ==
 +
<references/>
 +
__TOC__
 +
</StructureSection>
 +
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase]]
[[Category: Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase]]
-
[[Category: Buhrman, G.]]
+
[[Category: Buhrman, G]]
-
[[Category: Fetics, S K.]]
+
[[Category: Fetics, S K]]
-
[[Category: Kearney, B M.]]
+
[[Category: Kearney, B M]]
-
[[Category: Mattos, C.]]
+
[[Category: Mattos, C]]
[[Category: Allosteric regulation]]
[[Category: Allosteric regulation]]
[[Category: Gtp binding]]
[[Category: Gtp binding]]

Revision as of 06:11, 11 March 2015

Crystal Structure of wt H-Ras-GppNHp bound to the RBD of Raf Kinase

4g0n, resolution 2.45Å

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/4g0n"
Personal tools