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Overview
Mycobacterium tuberculosis NrdH is a small glutaredoxin-like protein involved in the electron transport chain that eventually leads to ribonucleotide reduction.
Background
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides in the lungs of a host and upon becoming active, results in symptoms such as chest pains, weakness, and intense coughing. Left untreated and unmanaged, TB can lead to death (1.5 million in 2013). The disease has a high co-morbidity with HIV/AIDS due to its immunocompromising tendencies. Tuberculosis is one of the most heavily studied diseases today. With over 9 million infections worldwide per year, the necessity for antimicrobial agents to combat emerging multi-drug resistant strands is imperative.
Structure
The structure of M. tuberculosis as determined by x-ray crystallography has 79 residues in a single polypeptide chain. . The active site (shown in green) is dominated by a disulphide bond between Cys-11 and Cys-14, which serves as the site of reduction by Theirodoxin reductase.
Many Theirodoxin-like proteins have a similar active site region, denoted as the Theirodoxin fold, which occurs directly before the disulfide bond. The residues in this region, denoted by letters CVQC, are the most highly conserved of all areas of the protein across multiple species. Exactly how this structure relates to function is somewhat debated. A Threonine-6 reside directly across the theirodoxin fold from the disulphide bond has been suggested to adopt two different conformations which differentially affect the redox abilities of the Protein. In the A conformation, the alcohol of the threonine side chain points towards the disulfide bond, engaging an ionic interaction between the two that prevents the Therodoxin Reductase from binding. Alternatively, in the B conformation, the alcohol points in the opposite direction, allowing sufficient space for the ligand to bind and reduction to occur. Image:Disulfide bond with ligand.png
Function
Disease
Relevance
Structural highlights
This is a sample scene created with SAT to by Group, and another to make of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.
