2nvu

Structural highlights

Function

[NEDD8_HUMAN] Ubiquitin-like protein which plays an important role in cell cycle control and embryogenesis. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex UBE1C-APPBP1 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2M. Attachment of NEDD8 to cullins activates their associated E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and thus promotes polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of cyclins and other regulatory proteins.^{[1] [2] [3]} [ULA1_HUMAN] Regulatory subunit of the dimeric UBA3-NAE1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a NEDD8-UBA3 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of UBE2M. Necessary for cell cycle progression through the S-M checkpoint. Overexpression of NAE1 causes apoptosis through deregulation of NEDD8 conjugation.^{[4] [5] [6]} [UBC12_HUMAN] Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 from the UBA3-NAE1 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. The specific interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase RBX1, but not RBX2, suggests that the RBX1-UBE2M complex neddylates specific target proteins, such as CUL1, CUL2, CUL3 and CUL4. Involved in cell proliferation.^{[7] [8]} [UBA3_HUMAN] Catalytic subunit of the dimeric UBA3-NAE1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a NEDD8-UBA3 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of UBE2M. Down-regulates steroid receptor activity. Necessary for cell cycle progression.^{[9] [10] [11]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• NEDD8
• Ubiquitin activating enzyme
• Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme

References

1. ↑ Liakopoulos D, Busgen T, Brychzy A, Jentsch S, Pause A. Conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 to cullin-2 is linked to von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 May 11;96(10):5510-5. PMID:10318914
2. ↑ Hori T, Osaka F, Chiba T, Miyamoto C, Okabayashi K, Shimbara N, Kato S, Tanaka K. Covalent modification of all members of human cullin family proteins by NEDD8. Oncogene. 1999 Nov 18;18(48):6829-34. PMID:10597293 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203093
3. ↑ Amir RE, Iwai K, Ciechanover A. The NEDD8 pathway is essential for SCF(beta -TrCP)-mediated ubiquitination and processing of the NF-kappa B precursor p105. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jun 28;277(26):23253-9. Epub 2002 Apr 12. PMID:11953428 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M200967200
4. ↑ Gong L, Yeh ET. Identification of the activating and conjugating enzymes of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 23;274(17):12036-42. PMID:10207026
5. ↑ Chen Y, McPhie DL, Hirschberg J, Neve RL. The amyloid precursor protein-binding protein APP-BP1 drives the cell cycle through the S-M checkpoint and causes apoptosis in neurons. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 24;275(12):8929-35. PMID:10722740
6. ↑ Bohnsack RN, Haas AL. Conservation in the mechanism of Nedd8 activation by the human AppBp1-Uba3 heterodimer. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 18;278(29):26823-30. Epub 2003 May 10. PMID:12740388 doi:10.1074/jbc.M303177200
7. ↑ Gong L, Yeh ET. Identification of the activating and conjugating enzymes of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 23;274(17):12036-42. PMID:10207026
8. ↑ Huang DT, Miller DW, Mathew R, Cassell R, Holton JM, Roussel MF, Schulman BA. A unique E1-E2 interaction required for optimal conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Oct;11(10):927-35. Epub 2004 Sep 7. PMID:15361859 doi:10.1038/nsmb826
9. ↑ Gong L, Yeh ET. Identification of the activating and conjugating enzymes of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 23;274(17):12036-42. PMID:10207026
10. ↑ Osaka F, Kawasaki H, Aida N, Saeki M, Chiba T, Kawashima S, Tanaka K, Kato S. A new NEDD8-ligating system for cullin-4A. Genes Dev. 1998 Aug 1;12(15):2263-8. PMID:9694792
11. ↑ Bohnsack RN, Haas AL. Conservation in the mechanism of Nedd8 activation by the human AppBp1-Uba3 heterodimer. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 18;278(29):26823-30. Epub 2003 May 10. PMID:12740388 doi:10.1074/jbc.M303177200
12. ↑ Huang DT, Hunt HW, Zhuang M, Ohi MD, Holton JM, Schulman BA. Basis for a ubiquitin-like protein thioester switch toggling E1-E2 affinity. Nature. 2007 Jan 25;445(7126):394-8. Epub 2007 Jan 14. PMID:17220875 doi:10.1038/nature05490