2le9

Structural highlights

Function

[RAGE_HUMAN] Mediates interactions of advanced glycosylation end products (AGE). These are nonenzymatically glycosylated proteins which accumulate in vascular tissue in aging and at an accelerated rate in diabetes. Acts as a mediator of both acute and chronic vascular inflammation in conditions such as atherosclerosis and in particular as a complication of diabetes. AGE/RAGE signaling plays an important role in regulating the production/expression of TNF-alpha, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Interaction with S100A12 on endothelium, mononuclear phagocytes, and lymphocytes triggers cellular activation, with generation of key proinflammatory mediators. Interaction with S100B after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53/TP53 signaling (By similarity). Receptor for amyloid beta peptide. Contributes to the translocation of amyloid-beta peptide (ABPP) across the cell membrane from the extracellular to the intracellular space in cortical neurons. ABPP-initiated RAGE signaling, especially stimulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), has the capacity to drive a transport system delivering ABPP as a complex with RAGE to the intraneuronal space.^[1] [S10AD_HUMAN] Plays a role in the export of proteins that lack a signal peptide and are secreted by an alternative pathway. Binds two calcium ions per subunit. Binds one copper ion. Binding of one copper ion does not interfere with calcium binding. Required for the copper-dependent stress-induced export of IL1A and FGF1. The calcium-free protein binds to lipid vesicles containing phosphatidylserine, but not to vesicles containing phosphatidylcholine (By similarity).^{[2] [3]}

See Also

• S100 protein

References

1. ↑ Fang F, Lue LF, Yan S, Xu H, Luddy JS, Chen D, Walker DG, Stern DM, Yan S, Schmidt AM, Chen JX, Yan SS. RAGE-dependent signaling in microglia contributes to neuroinflammation, Abeta accumulation, and impaired learning/memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J. 2010 Apr;24(4):1043-55. doi: 10.1096/fj.09-139634. Epub 2009 Nov 11. PMID:19906677 doi:10.1096/fj.09-139634
2. ↑ Mandinova A, Soldi R, Graziani I, Bagala C, Bellum S, Landriscina M, Tarantini F, Prudovsky I, Maciag T. S100A13 mediates the copper-dependent stress-induced release of IL-1alpha from both human U937 and murine NIH 3T3 cells. J Cell Sci. 2003 Jul 1;116(Pt 13):2687-96. Epub 2003 May 13. PMID:12746488 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.00471
3. ↑ Cao R, Yan B, Yang H, Zu X, Wen G, Zhong J. Effect of human S100A13 gene silencing on FGF-1 transportation in human endothelial cells. J Formos Med Assoc. 2010 Sep;109(9):632-40. doi: 10.1016/S0929-6646(10)60103-9. PMID:20863990 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0929-6646(10)60103-9