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Botulinum neurotoxin
From Proteopedia
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<StructureSection load='3bta' size='340' side='right' caption='Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A with cofactor Zn+2 (grey) (PDB code [[3bta]]).' scene=''> | <StructureSection load='3bta' size='340' side='right' caption='Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A with cofactor Zn+2 (grey) (PDB code [[3bta]]).' scene=''> | ||
| - | '''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP HC contains two modules: the N-terminal translocation domain and the C-terminal receptor-binding domain (residues 876-1296). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. CBP type A is used by the cosmetics industry for smoothing wrinkles and is known commercially as Botox. For more details see [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. | ||
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
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| + | '''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. For more details see [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. | ||
== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
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CBP is the most lethal toxin known causing botulism. | CBP is the most lethal toxin known causing botulism. | ||
== Relevance == | == Relevance == | ||
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| + | CBP type A is used by the cosmetics industry for smoothing wrinkles and is known commercially as Botox. | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
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| + | CBP HC contains two modules: the N-terminal translocation domain and the C-terminal receptor-binding domain (residues 876-1296). | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
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*'''Type A ''' | *'''Type A ''' | ||
| - | ** | + | **[[3bta]], [[4ej5]] – CbCBN + Zn – ''Clostridium botulinum'' <br /> |
**[[3v0c]], [[4el4]], [[4elc]] - CbCBN (mutant) + Zn<br /> | **[[3v0c]], [[4el4]], [[4elc]] - CbCBN (mutant) + Zn<br /> | ||
**[[2nyy]], [[2nz9]] - CbCBN + antibody + Zn<br /> | **[[2nyy]], [[2nz9]] - CbCBN + antibody + Zn<br /> | ||
Revision as of 09:03, 12 November 2015
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3D structures of botulinum neurotoxin
Updated on 12-November-2015
