Ribonuclease

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<StructureSection load="1rta" size="400" color="" spin="on" Scene= caption='Ribonuclease A (magenta) complex with thymidylic acid DNA tetramer (pink), [[1rta]]' >
<StructureSection load="1rta" size="400" color="" spin="on" Scene= caption='Ribonuclease A (magenta) complex with thymidylic acid DNA tetramer (pink), [[1rta]]' >
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== Function ==
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'''Ribonuclease''' (RNase) degrades RNA. The endonucleases cleave single or double stranded RNA and include RNase III, A, T1 H and P. Exo-RNases remove terminal nucleotide from the ends of the RNA molecule. They include RNase II D, T, PH, Polynucleotide Phosphorylase (PNPase) and oligoribonuclease (ORNase).
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'''Ribonuclease''' (RNase) degrades RNA. The '''endonucleases''' cleave single or double stranded RNA and include RNase III, A, T1 H and P. '''Exo-RNases''' remove terminal nucleotide from the ends of the RNA molecule. They include RNase II D, T, PH, Polynucleotide Phosphorylase (PNPase) and oligoribonuclease (ORNase).
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* '''RNase A''' cleaves C or U of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA).<br />
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* '''RNase A''' or '''RNase I''' endonuclease which cleaves C or U of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA)<ref>PMID:15676279</ref>.<br />
* '''RNase BA''' is RNase from ''Bacillus amyloliquefaciens''.<br />
* '''RNase BA''' is RNase from ''Bacillus amyloliquefaciens''.<br />
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* '''RNase D''' degrades 3'-end pre-tRNA.<br />
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* '''RNase D''' exonuclease which degrades 3'-end pre-tRNA<ref>PMID:6263886</ref>.<br />
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* '''RNase H''' cleaves RNA/DNA double-strand to produce ssDNA.<br />
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* '''RNase H''' endonuclease which cleaves RNA/DNA double-strand to produce ssDNA<ref>PMID:24158815</ref>.<br />
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* '''RNase I''' cleaves 3'-end of ssRNA.<br />
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* '''RNase II''' exonuclease which degrades 3'-end ssRNA<ref>PMID:25299745</ref>.<br />
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* '''RNase II''' degrades 3'-end ssRNA.<br />
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* '''RNase III''' endonuclease which cleaves rRNA.<br />
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* '''RNase III''' cleaves rRNA.<br />
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* '''RNase III Dicer''' cleaves dsRNA to small interfering RNA and microRNA.<br />
* '''RNase III Dicer''' cleaves dsRNA to small interfering RNA and microRNA.<br />
* '''RNase 5''' is known as angiogenin and is a potent stimulator of new blood vessels formation.<br />
* '''RNase 5''' is known as angiogenin and is a potent stimulator of new blood vessels formation.<br />
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* '''RNase P''' is a ribozyme.<br />
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* '''RNase P''' endonuclease which is a ribozyme.<br />
* '''RNase S''' is RNase A cleaved by subtilisin.<br />
* '''RNase S''' is RNase A cleaved by subtilisin.<br />
* '''RNase SA''' is RNase from ''Streptomyces auerofaciens''.<br />
* '''RNase SA''' is RNase from ''Streptomyces auerofaciens''.<br />
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* '''RNase T''' is involved in RNA maturation.<br />
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* '''RNase T''' exonuclease which is involved in RNA maturation.<br />
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* '''RNase T1''' cleaves 3'-end G from ssRNA.<br />
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* '''RNase T1''' endonuclease which cleaves 3'-end G from ssRNA.<br />
* '''RNase U2''' cleaves 3'-end A from ssRNA.<br />
* '''RNase U2''' cleaves 3'-end A from ssRNA.<br />
* '''α-sarcin''' is a cytotoxic RNase which cleaves a phosphodiester bond in a conserved rRNA loop and inactivates the ribosome.<br />
* '''α-sarcin''' is a cytotoxic RNase which cleaves a phosphodiester bond in a conserved rRNA loop and inactivates the ribosome.<br />
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* '''oligoribonuclease''' is an exoribonuclease which cleaves 3'-end of viral RNA-DNA hybrid.<br />
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* '''oligoribonuclease''' exonuclease which is an exoribonuclease which cleaves 3'-end of viral RNA-DNA hybrid.<br />
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* '''Polynucleotide phosphorylase''' is a bifunctional enzyme which has exoribonuclease activity.<br />
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* '''Polynucleotide phosphorylase''' exonuclease which is a bifunctional enzyme which has exoribonuclease activity.<br />
* '''Binase''' is a microbial RNase which cleaves endonucleolyticly ssRNA.<br />
* '''Binase''' is a microbial RNase which cleaves endonucleolyticly ssRNA.<br />
* '''Poly(A)-specific RNase''' cleaves exonucleolyticly the poly(A) tail.<br />
* '''Poly(A)-specific RNase''' cleaves exonucleolyticly the poly(A) tail.<br />
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*[[RNaseA Nobel Prizes]].<br />
*[[RNaseA Nobel Prizes]].<br />
For RNase B and RNase S see [[RNaseS RNaseB]].
For RNase B and RNase S see [[RNaseS RNaseB]].
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== Relevance ==
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The retroviral RNase H inhibitors are investigated as potential antiretroviral (HIV) agents.
{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}
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**[[3iel]] - TtRNase + nucleotide<br />
**[[3iel]] - TtRNase + nucleotide<br />
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}}
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== References ==
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<references/>

Revision as of 08:20, 10 August 2016

Ribonuclease A (magenta) complex with thymidylic acid DNA tetramer (pink), 1rta

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

3D Structures of Ribonuclease

Updated on 10-August-2016

References

  1. ↑ Cho S, Beintema JJ, Zhang J. The ribonuclease A superfamily of mammals and birds: identifying new members and tracing evolutionary histories. Genomics. 2005 Feb;85(2):208-20. PMID:15676279 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.10.008
  2. ↑ Cudny H, Zaniewski R, Deutscher MP. Escherichia coli RNase D. Catalytic properties and substrate specificity. J Biol Chem. 1981 Jun 10;256(11):5633-7. PMID:6263886
  3. ↑ Moelling K, Broecker F, Kerrigan JE. RNase H: specificity, mechanisms of action, and antiviral target. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1087:71-84. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-670-2_7. PMID:24158815 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-670-2_7
  4. ↑ Lu F, Taghbalout A. The Escherichia coli major exoribonuclease RNase II is a component of the RNA degradosome. Biosci Rep. 2014 Dec 23;34(6):e00166. doi: 10.1042/BSR20140113. PMID:25299745 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20140113
  5. ↑ Birdsall DL, McPherson A. Crystal structure disposition of thymidylic acid tetramer in complex with ribonuclease A. J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 5;267(31):22230-6. PMID:1429575
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