Function

The Aspartate residue in bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase plays a role in the redox proton pumping. Cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondrial also play a key role in the use of four protons, that translocate across the membrane, and uses ATP synthase for ATP synthesis. The proton-pumping at the heme-copper functions in the transfer of energy enzymes for respiratory chains in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Disease

There are some genetic disorders related to the dysfunction of cytochrome c oxidase that includes: Leigh Syndrome, Anemia, and Cardiomyopathy

Structural highlights

Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase is an important aspect of an aerobic cellular respiration, in which the amount of dioxygen is reduced to form water during pumping of proton at the inner membrane of the mitochondrial. The structure shows an overall view of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. It consists of all proteins including the alpha protein, side chains and water except the nucleic acid. The ligand and non-standard residues included in this structure are Magnesium ion, sodium ion,Heme a, Copper(ii) ion, Formyl group and Phosphothreonine. The second structure describes the oxidize state of the mitochondrial with limited side chains (A and B). All the proteins were selected at the oxidized side of the structure. The main idea was to identify the heme a [HEA] of cytochrome c-oxidase, which is the element that causes pumping of the proton. Again all proteins, all atoms with a limited residue numbers and limit chains of A and B for the oxidize side of the Cytochrome c oxidase were selected. The side chains and residues were labelled. Water was then added between residues [Y]440 and [Y]371, labeled it. The Aspartate residue (Asp-51) labeled in the oxidized state shows a proton-pumping occurring at that site and also a hydrogen bonding connection with the channels, where water molecules are located. of the protein. The next scene shows the distance measured between the water and the residue [Ser]205, [Y]440 , and [Y]371 . The final structure view describes about the Reduced state of the cytochrome c oxidase, the main focus was on the Copper (ii) ion [Cu] and the low-spin heme a [HEA] to the reduction site which is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondrial. The limited residues shown in this structure includes TGL, Sodium ion [NA], and Magnesium ion [MG] at the side chain N, which were labeled and the distance between CU and HEA were also measured