Structural highlights
5wgb is a 3 chain structure with sequence from Eco45 and Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
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| Ligands: | , |
| Gene: | NFS1, NIFS, HUSSY-08 (HUMAN), LYRM4, C6orf149, ISD11, CGI-203 (HUMAN), acpP, ECS88_1108 (ECO45) |
| Activity: | Cysteine desulfurase, with EC number 2.8.1.7 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Disease
[NFS1_HUMAN] Severe neonatal lactic acidosis due to NFS1-ISD11 complex deficiency. [LYRM4_HUMAN] Severe neonatal lactic acidosis due to NFS1-ISD11 complex deficiency. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Function
[NFS1_HUMAN] Catalyzes the removal of elemental sulfur from cysteine to produce alanine. It supplies the inorganic sulfur for iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. May be involved in the biosynthesis of molybdenum cofactor.[1] [ACP_ECO45] Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01217] [LYRM4_HUMAN] Required for nuclear and mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein biosynthesis.[2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters are essential protein cofactors crucial for many cellular functions including DNA maintenance, protein translation, and energy conversion. De novo Fe/S cluster synthesis occurs on the mitochondrial scaffold protein ISCU and requires cysteine desulfurase NFS1, ferredoxin, frataxin, and the small factors ISD11 and ACP (acyl carrier protein). Both the mechanism of Fe/S cluster synthesis and function of ISD11-ACP are poorly understood. Here, we present crystal structures of three different NFS1-ISD11-ACP complexes with and without ISCU, and we use SAXS analyses to define the 3D architecture of the complete mitochondrial Fe/S cluster biosynthetic complex. Our structural and biochemical studies provide mechanistic insights into Fe/S cluster synthesis at the catalytic center defined by the active-site Cys of NFS1 and conserved Cys, Asp, and His residues of ISCU. We assign specific regulatory rather than catalytic roles to ISD11-ACP that link Fe/S cluster synthesis with mitochondrial lipid synthesis and cellular energy status.
Structure and functional dynamics of the mitochondrial Fe/S cluster synthesis complex.,Boniecki MT, Freibert SA, Muhlenhoff U, Lill R, Cygler M Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 3;8(1):1287. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01497-1. PMID:29097656[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Marelja Z, Stocklein W, Nimtz M, Leimkuhler S. A novel role for human Nfs1 in the cytoplasm: Nfs1 acts as a sulfur donor for MOCS3, a protein involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 2008 Sep 12;283(37):25178-85. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M804064200. Epub 2008, Jul 23. PMID:18650437 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M804064200
- ↑ Shan Y, Napoli E, Cortopassi G. Mitochondrial frataxin interacts with ISD11 of the NFS1/ISCU complex and multiple mitochondrial chaperones. Hum Mol Genet. 2007 Apr 15;16(8):929-41. Epub 2007 Mar 1. PMID:17331979 doi:http://dx.doi.org/ddm038
- ↑ Shi Y, Ghosh MC, Tong WH, Rouault TA. Human ISD11 is essential for both iron-sulfur cluster assembly and maintenance of normal cellular iron homeostasis. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Aug 15;18(16):3014-25. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp239. Epub 2009 May, 18. PMID:19454487 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddp239
- ↑ Boniecki MT, Freibert SA, Muhlenhoff U, Lill R, Cygler M. Structure and functional dynamics of the mitochondrial Fe/S cluster synthesis complex. Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 3;8(1):1287. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01497-1. PMID:29097656 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01497-1
