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5hhd

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Revision as of 17:23, 15 November 2017

Crystal Structure of Chemically Synthesized Heterochiral {RFX037 plus VEGF-A} Protein Complex in space group P21

Structural highlights

5hhd is a 8 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:	,
NonStd Res:	, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
Related:	4gls
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

[VEGFA_HUMAN] Defects in VEGFA are a cause of susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 1 (MVCD1) [MIM:603933]. These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis.

Function

[VEGFA_HUMAN] Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth.^[1] ^[2] ^[3]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Polypeptides composed entirely of d-amino acids and the achiral amino acid glycine (d-proteins) inherently have in vivo properties that are proposed to be near-optimal for a large molecule therapeutic agent. Specifically, d-proteins are resistant to degradation by proteases and are anticipated to be nonimmunogenic. Furthermore, d-proteins are manufactured chemically and can be engineered to have other desirable properties, such as improved stability, affinity, and pharmacokinetics. Thus, a well-designed d-protein therapeutic would likely have significant advantages over l-protein drugs. Toward the goal of developing d-protein therapeutics, we previously generated RFX001.D, a d-protein antagonist of natural vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) that inhibited binding to its receptor. However, RFX001.D is unstable at physiological temperatures (Tm = 33 degrees C). Here, we describe RFX037.D, a variant of RFX001.D with extreme thermal stability (Tm > 95 degrees C), high affinity for VEGF-A (Kd = 6 nM), and improved receptor blocking. Comparison of the two enantiomeric forms of RFX037 revealed that the d-protein is more stable in mouse, monkey, and human plasma and has a longer half-life in vivo in mice. Significantly, RFX037.D was nonimmunogenic in mice, whereas the l-enantiomer generated a strong immune response. These results confirm the potential utility of synthetic d-proteins as alternatives to therapeutic antibodies.

A Potent d-Protein Antagonist of VEGF-A is Nonimmunogenic, Metabolically Stable, and Longer-Circulating in Vivo.,Uppalapati M, Lee DJ, Mandal K, Li H, Miranda LP, Lowitz J, Kenney J, Adams JJ, Ault-Riche D, Kent SB, Sidhu SS ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Feb 3. PMID:26745345^[4]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Murphy JF, Fitzgerald DJ. Vascular endothelial growth factor induces cyclooxygenase-dependent proliferation of endothelial cells via the VEGF-2 receptor. FASEB J. 2001 Jul;15(9):1667-9. PMID:11427521
↑ Woolard J, Wang WY, Bevan HS, Qiu Y, Morbidelli L, Pritchard-Jones RO, Cui TG, Sugiono M, Waine E, Perrin R, Foster R, Digby-Bell J, Shields JD, Whittles CE, Mushens RE, Gillatt DA, Ziche M, Harper SJ, Bates DO. VEGF165b, an inhibitory vascular endothelial growth factor splice variant: mechanism of action, in vivo effect on angiogenesis and endogenous protein expression. Cancer Res. 2004 Nov 1;64(21):7822-35. PMID:15520188 doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0934
↑ Dixelius J, Olsson AK, Thulin A, Lee C, Johansson I, Claesson-Welsh L. Minimal active domain and mechanism of action of the angiogenesis inhibitor histidine-rich glycoprotein. Cancer Res. 2006 Feb 15;66(4):2089-97. PMID:16489009 doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2217
↑ Uppalapati M, Lee DJ, Mandal K, Li H, Miranda LP, Lowitz J, Kenney J, Adams JJ, Ault-Riche D, Kent SB, Sidhu SS. A Potent d-Protein Antagonist of VEGF-A is Nonimmunogenic, Metabolically Stable, and Longer-Circulating in Vivo. ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Feb 3. PMID:26745345 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.5b01006

1 Structural highlights
2 Disease
3 Function
4 Publication Abstract from PubMed
5 References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/5hhd"

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DAL:D-ALANINE'>DAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DAR:D-ARGININE'>DAR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DAS:D-ASPARTIC+ACID'>DAS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DCY:D-CYSTEINE'>DCY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DGL:D-GLUTAMIC+ACID'>DGL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DGN:D-GLUTAMINE'>DGN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DHI:D-HISTIDINE'>DHI</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DIL:D-ISOLEUCINE'>DIL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DLE:D-LEUCINE'>DLE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DLY:D-LYSINE'>DLY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DPN:D-PHENYLALANINE'>DPN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DPR:D-PROLINE'>DPR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DSG:D-ASPARAGINE'>DSG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DSN:D-SERINE'>DSN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTH:D-THREONINE'>DTH</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTR:D-TRYPTOPHAN'>DTR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTY:D-TYROSINE'>DTY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DVA:D-VALINE'>DVA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MED:D-METHIONINE'>MED</scene></td></tr>
 <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4gls|4gls]]</td></tr>
-<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5hhd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5hhd OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5hhd PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5hhd RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5hhd PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5hhd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5hhd OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5hhd PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5hhd RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5hhd PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5hhd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
 </table>
 == Disease ==

5hhd

From Proteopedia

Revision as of 17:23, 15 November 2017

Crystal Structure of Chemically Synthesized Heterochiral {RFX037 plus VEGF-A} Protein Complex in space group P21

Structural highlights

Disease

Function

Publication Abstract from PubMed

References

Contents

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Views

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