| Structural highlights
Disease
[SODC_HUMAN] Defects in SOD1 are the cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1 (ALS1) [MIM:105400]. ALS1 is a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons and resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. Death usually occurs within 2 to 5 years. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of cases leading to familial forms.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [:][9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45]
Function
[SODC_HUMAN] Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related mutations in the enzyme Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), as well as a post-translational modification, glutathionylation, destabilize the protein and lead to a misfolded oligomer that is toxic to motor neurons. The biophysical role of another physiological SOD1 modification, T2-phosphorylation, has remained a mystery. Here, we find that a phosphomimetic mutation, T2D, thermodynamically stabilizes SOD1 even in the context of a strongly SOD1-destabilizing mutation, A4V, one of the most prevalent and aggressive ALS-associated mutations in North America. This stabilization protects against formation of toxic SOD oligomers and positively impacts motor neuron survival in cellular assays. We solve the crystal structure of T2D-SOD1 and explain its stabilization effect using discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) simulations. These findings imply that T2-phosphorylation may be a plausible innate cellular protection response against SOD1-induced cytotoxicity, and stabilizing the SOD1 native conformation might offer us viable pharmaceutical strategies against currently incurable ALS.
A Phosphomimetic Mutation Stabilizes SOD1 and Rescues Cell Viability in the Context of an ALS-Associated Mutation.,Fay JM, Zhu C, Proctor EA, Tao Y, Cui W, Ke H, Dokholyan NV Structure. 2016 Nov 1;24(11):1898-1906. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2016.08.011. Epub 2016, Sep 22. PMID:27667694[46]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
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- ↑ Fay JM, Zhu C, Proctor EA, Tao Y, Cui W, Ke H, Dokholyan NV. A Phosphomimetic Mutation Stabilizes SOD1 and Rescues Cell Viability in the Context of an ALS-Associated Mutation. Structure. 2016 Nov 1;24(11):1898-1906. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2016.08.011. Epub 2016, Sep 22. PMID:27667694 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2016.08.011
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