| Structural highlights
Disease
[TNR1A_HUMAN] Defects in TNFRSF1A are the cause of familial hibernian fever (FHF) [MIM:142680]; also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). FHF is a hereditary periodic fever syndrome characterized by recurrent fever, abdominal pain, localized tender skin lesions and myalgia. Reactive amyloidosis is the main complication and occurs in 25% of cases.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Genetic variation in TNFRSF1A is associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis 5 (MS5) [MIM:614810]. A multifactorial, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Sclerotic lesions are characterized by perivascular infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes and appear as indurated areas in pathologic specimens (sclerosis in plaques). The pathological mechanism is regarded as an autoimmune attack of the myelin sheat, mediated by both cellular and humoral immunity. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia and bladder dysfunction. Genetic and environmental factors influence susceptibility to the disease. Note=An intronic mutation affecting alternative splicing and skipping of exon 6 directs increased expression of isoform 4 a transcript encoding a C-terminally truncated protein which is secreted and may function as a TNF antagonist.[6]
Function
[TNR1A_HUMAN] Receptor for TNFSF2/TNF-alpha and homotrimeric TNFSF1/lymphotoxin-alpha. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Contributes to the induction of non-cytocidal TNF effects including anti-viral state and activation of the acid sphingomyelinase.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The binding of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) to the type-1 TNF receptor (TNFRc1) plays an important role in inflammation. Despite the clinical success of biologics (antibodies, soluble receptors) for treating TNF-based autoimmune conditions, no potent small molecule antagonists have been developed. Our screening of chemical libraries revealed that N-alkyl 5-arylidene-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones were antagonists of this protein-protein interaction. After chemical optimization, we discovered IW927, which potently disrupted the binding of TNF-alpha to TNFRc1 (IC(50) = 50 nM) and also blocked TNF-stimulated phosphorylation of Ikappa-B in Ramos cells (IC(50) = 600 nM). This compound did not bind detectably to the related cytokine receptors TNFRc2 or CD40, and did not display any cytotoxicity at concentrations as high as 100 microM. Detailed evaluation of this and related molecules revealed that compounds in this class are "photochemically enhanced" inhibitors, in that they bind reversibly to the TNFRc1 with weak affinity (ca. 40-100 microM) and then covalently modify the receptor via a photochemical reaction. We obtained a crystal structure of IV703 (a close analog of IW927) bound to the TNFRc1. This structure clearly revealed that one of the aromatic rings of the inhibitor was covalently linked to the receptor through the main-chain nitrogen of Ala-62, a residue that has already been implicated in the binding of TNF-alpha to the TNFRc1. When combined with the fact that our inhibitors are reversible binders in light-excluded conditions, the results of the crystallography provide the basis for the rational design of nonphotoreactive inhibitors of the TNF-alpha-TNFRc1 interaction.
Photochemically enhanced binding of small molecules to the tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 inhibits the binding of TNF-alpha.,Carter PH, Scherle PA, Muckelbauer JK, Voss ME, Liu RQ, Thompson LA, Tebben AJ, Solomon KA, Lo YC, Li Z, Strzemienski P, Yang G, Falahatpisheh N, Xu M, Wu Z, Farrow NA, Ramnarayan K, Wang J, Rideout D, Yalamoori V, Domaille P, Underwood DJ, Trzaskos JM, Friedman SM, Newton RC, Decicco CP Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):11879-84. PMID:11592999[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ McDermott MF, Aksentijevich I, Galon J, McDermott EM, Ogunkolade BW, Centola M, Mansfield E, Gadina M, Karenko L, Pettersson T, McCarthy J, Frucht DM, Aringer M, Torosyan Y, Teppo AM, Wilson M, Karaarslan HM, Wan Y, Todd I, Wood G, Schlimgen R, Kumarajeewa TR, Cooper SM, Vella JP, Amos CI, Mulley J, Quane KA, Molloy MG, Ranki A, Powell RJ, Hitman GA, O'Shea JJ, Kastner DL. Germline mutations in the extracellular domains of the 55 kDa TNF receptor, TNFR1, define a family of dominantly inherited autoinflammatory syndromes. Cell. 1999 Apr 2;97(1):133-44. PMID:10199409
- ↑ Dode C, Papo T, Fieschi C, Pecheux C, Dion E, Picard F, Godeau P, Bienvenu J, Piette JC, Delpech M, Grateau G. A novel missense mutation (C30S) in the gene encoding tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 linked to autosomal-dominant recurrent fever with localized myositis in a French family. Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Jul;43(7):1535-42. PMID:10902757 doi:<1535::AID-ANR18>3.0.CO;2-C 10.1002/1529-0131(200007)43:7<1535::AID-ANR18>3.0.CO;2-C
- ↑ Aksentijevich I, Galon J, Soares M, Mansfield E, Hull K, Oh HH, Goldbach-Mansky R, Dean J, Athreya B, Reginato AJ, Henrickson M, Pons-Estel B, O'Shea JJ, Kastner DL. The tumor-necrosis-factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome: new mutations in TNFRSF1A, ancestral origins, genotype-phenotype studies, and evidence for further genetic heterogeneity of periodic fevers. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Aug;69(2):301-14. Epub 2001 Jul 6. PMID:11443543 doi:S0002-9297(07)61077-5
- ↑ Aganna E, Hammond L, Hawkins PN, Aldea A, McKee SA, van Amstel HK, Mischung C, Kusuhara K, Saulsbury FT, Lachmann HJ, Bybee A, McDermott EM, La Regina M, Arostegui JI, Campistol JM, Worthington S, High KP, Molloy MG, Baker N, Bidwell JL, Castaner JL, Whiteford ML, Janssens-Korpola PL, Manna R, Powell RJ, Woo P, Solis P, Minden K, Frenkel J, Yague J, Mirakian RM, Hitman GA, McDermott MF. Heterogeneity among patients with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome phenotypes. Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Sep;48(9):2632-44. PMID:13130484 doi:10.1002/art.11215
- ↑ Kusuhara K, Nomura A, Nakao F, Hara T. Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome with a novel mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene in a Japanese family. Eur J Pediatr. 2004 Jan;163(1):30-2. Epub 2003 Nov 11. PMID:14610673 doi:10.1007/s00431-003-1338-0
- ↑ Gregory AP, Dendrou CA, Attfield KE, Haghikia A, Xifara DK, Butter F, Poschmann G, Kaur G, Lambert L, Leach OA, Promel S, Punwani D, Felce JH, Davis SJ, Gold R, Nielsen FC, Siegel RM, Mann M, Bell JI, McVean G, Fugger L. TNF receptor 1 genetic risk mirrors outcome of anti-TNF therapy in multiple sclerosis. Nature. 2012 Aug 23;488(7412):508-11. doi: 10.1038/nature11307. PMID:22801493 doi:10.1038/nature11307
- ↑ Carter PH, Scherle PA, Muckelbauer JK, Voss ME, Liu RQ, Thompson LA, Tebben AJ, Solomon KA, Lo YC, Li Z, Strzemienski P, Yang G, Falahatpisheh N, Xu M, Wu Z, Farrow NA, Ramnarayan K, Wang J, Rideout D, Yalamoori V, Domaille P, Underwood DJ, Trzaskos JM, Friedman SM, Newton RC, Decicco CP. Photochemically enhanced binding of small molecules to the tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 inhibits the binding of TNF-alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):11879-84. PMID:11592999 doi:10.1073/pnas.211178398
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