Alice Clark/ATPsynthase
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| - | <scene name='78/781973/Alpha-beta/1'>Text To Be Displayed</scene>/>{{Template:Protected page banner}} | + | <scene name='78/781973/F0/1'>Text To Be Displayed</scene><scene name='78/781973/Alpha-beta/1'>Text To Be Displayed</scene>/>{{Template:Protected page banner}} |
== '''ATP Synthase''' == | == '''ATP Synthase''' == | ||
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Exploring in 3D | Exploring in 3D | ||
| - | + | The synthesis of ATP involves a number of steps | |
| - | + | 1. Binding of ADP and the phosphate | |
| - | - | + | 2. Formation of the new high energy phosphate-phosphate bond |
| - | + | 3. Releasing the newly made ATP | |
| - | + | These steps are performed by a tiny molecular motor, found in the mitochondrial membrane, called ATP synthase - shown here in 3D with each protein shown a different colour. | |
| - | + | - left mouse button to rotate the protein model. | |
| - | + | - middle mouse button or scroll wheel to zoom (option-click on a Mac) | |
| - | + | - right mouse button for more options and information (control-click on a Mac). | |
| - | These steps are performed by a tiny motor, found in the mitochondrial membrane, called ATP synthase - shown here in 3D. | ||
| + | '''Have a go yourself now ==>''' | ||
| - | '''The ATP synthase molecule is built up of different proteins each with a seperate role ''' | ||
| - | The <scene name='78/781973/Alpha-beta/1'>F1 motor</scene> contains alpha (shown in light blue) and beta (shown in dark blue) chains. It also | + | '''The ATP synthase molecule''' |
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| + | ATP synthase is built up of different groups of proteins: the F0, the F1 and the axel - each with a important role. | ||
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| + | The <scene name='78/781973/Alpha-beta/1'>F1 motor</scene> contains alpha (shown in light blue) and beta (shown in dark blue) protein chains. It also binds the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) molecules and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) <scene name='78/781973/Atpandadp/1'>binding sites</scene>. See if you can zoom in on the ATP identify how many phosphates (atoms shown in orange) are found. | ||
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'''Q1: Where is the F1 region located within the ATP synthase, and what is its role?''' | '''Q1: Where is the F1 region located within the ATP synthase, and what is its role?''' | ||
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| + | ---- | ||
| + | '''Q2: How many ATP and ADP can you find and how is related to the number of protein chains in the F1 motor?''' | ||
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The <scene name='78/781973/Axel/1'>axle</scene> rotates putting the motor into three different conformations as the ADP binds, the phosphate bond is formed and the ATP being released. | The <scene name='78/781973/Axel/1'>axle</scene> rotates putting the motor into three different conformations as the ADP binds, the phosphate bond is formed and the ATP being released. | ||
| - | The F0 is a circular rotor that is formed of alpha helices that sit in the mitochondrial membrane. The hydrogen ions travel around the circular F0 motor, and turning the rotor in the process, much like a water wheel. The hydrogens are passed alone a chain of aspartic acid residues (amino acids) in the F0 motor, and then transferred to an arginine amino acid. The arginine passes the hydrogen to the rotor, which turns all the way around. Then the hydrogen is then passed to the opposite side of the membrane. | + | <scene name='78/781973/F0/1'>The F0</scene> is a circular rotor that is formed of alpha helices that sit in the mitochondrial membrane. The hydrogen ions travel around the circular F0 motor, and turning the rotor in the process, much like a water wheel. The hydrogens are passed alone a chain of aspartic acid residues (amino acids) in the F0 motor, and then transferred to an arginine amino acid. The arginine passes the hydrogen to the rotor, which turns all the way around. Then the hydrogen is then passed to the opposite side of the membrane. |
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Click '>here</scene> for a view where the different components are coloured differently? See how many you can identify | Click '>here</scene> for a view where the different components are coloured differently? See how many you can identify | ||
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| - | '''Q2: How many ATP can you find?''' | ||
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Revision as of 13:33, 10 March 2018
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ATP Synthase
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