5o10
From Proteopedia
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| - | '''Unreleased structure''' | ||
| - | + | ==Y48H mutant of human cytochrome c== | |
| + | <StructureSection load='5o10' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5o10]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.36Å' scene=''> | ||
| + | == Structural highlights == | ||
| + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5o10]] is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5O10 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5O10 FirstGlance]. <br> | ||
| + | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEC:HEME+C'>HEC</scene></td></tr> | ||
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5o10 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5o10 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5o10 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5o10 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5o10 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5o10 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | == Disease == | ||
| + | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CYC_HUMAN CYC_HUMAN]] Defects in CYCS are the cause of thrombocytopenia type 4 (THC4) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/612004 612004]]; also known as autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia type 4. Thrombocytopenia is the presence of relatively few platelets in blood. THC4 is a non-syndromic form of thrombocytopenia. Clinical manifestations of thrombocytopenia are absent or mild. THC4 may be caused by dysregulated platelet formation.<ref>PMID:18345000</ref> | ||
| + | == Function == | ||
| + | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CYC_HUMAN CYC_HUMAN]] Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases. | ||
| + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | ||
| + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | ||
| + | Proteins performing multiple biochemical functions are called "moonlighting proteins" or extreme multifunctional (EMF) proteins. Mitochondrial cytochrome c is an EMF protein that binds multiple partner proteins to act as a signaling molecule, transfers electrons in the respiratory chain, and acts as a peroxidase in apoptosis. Mutations in the cytochrome c gene lead to the disease thrombocytopenia, which is accompanied by enhanced apoptotic activity. The Y48H variant arises from one such mutation and is found in the 40-57 Omega-loop, the lowest-unfolding free energy substructure of the cytochrome c fold. A 1.36 A resolution X-ray structure of the Y48H variant reveals minimal structural changes compared to the wild-type structure, with the axial Met80 ligand coordinated to the heme iron. Despite this, the intrinsic peroxidase activity is enhanced, implying that a pentacoordinate heme state is more prevalent in the Y48H variant, corroborated through determination of a Met80 "off rate" of >125 s(-1) compared to a rate of approximately 6 s(-1) for the wild-type protein. Heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance measurements with the oxidized Y48H variant reveal heightened dynamics in the 40-57 Omega-loop and the Met80-containing 71-85 Omega-loop relative to the wild-type protein, illustrating communication between these substructures. Placed into context with the G41S cytochrome c variant, also implicated in thrombocytopenia, a dynamic picture associated with this disease relative to cytochrome c is emerging whereby increasing dynamics in substructures of the cytochrome c fold serve to facilitate an increased population of the peroxidatic pentacoordinate heme state in the following order: wild type < G41S < Y48H. | ||
| - | + | Heightened Dynamics of the Oxidized Y48H Variant of Human Cytochrome c Increases Its Peroxidatic Activity.,Deacon OM, Karsisiotis AI, Moreno-Chicano T, Hough MA, Macdonald C, Blumenschein TMA, Wilson MT, Moore GR, Worrall JAR Biochemistry. 2017 Nov 21;56(46):6111-6124. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00890., Epub 2017 Nov 8. PMID:29083920<ref>PMID:29083920</ref> | |
| - | + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | |
| - | [[Category: | + | </div> |
| + | <div class="pdbe-citations 5o10" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | ||
| + | == References == | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
| + | __TOC__ | ||
| + | </StructureSection> | ||
| + | [[Category: Deacon, O M]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Hough, M A]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Moreno-Chicano, T]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Worrall, J A.R]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Apoptosis]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Cytochrome c]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Electron transfer]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Haem]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Heme]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Metalloprotein]] | ||
Revision as of 06:29, 28 March 2018
Y48H mutant of human cytochrome c
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