3j7r

Structural highlights

Function

[RL40_PIG] Ubiquitin: exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in lysosomal degradation; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, DNA-damage responses as well as in signaling processes leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling (By similarity). 60S ribosomal protein L40: component of the 60S subunit of the ribosome (By similarity). [B6V8C8_PIG] May play a role during erythropoiesis through regulation of transcription factor DDIT3 (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03122] [RS18_PIG] Located at the top of the head of the 40S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 18S rRNA (By similarity). [RL11_PIG] Binds to 5S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). Required for rRNA maturation and formation of the 60S ribosomal subunits. Promotes nucleolar location of PML (By similarity). [RSSA_PIG] Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Also functions as a cell surface receptor for laminin. Plays a role in cell adhesion to the basement membrane and in the consequent activation of signaling transduction pathways. May play a role in cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. Also acts as a receptor for several other ligands, including the pathogenic prion protein, viruses, and bacteria. Acts as a PPP1R16B-dependent substrate of PPP1CA (By similarity).^[1]

See Also

• TRNA

References

1. ↑ Tio PH, Jong WW, Cardosa MJ. Two dimensional VOPBA reveals laminin receptor (LAMR1) interaction with dengue virus serotypes 1, 2 and 3. Virol J. 2005 Mar 25;2:25. PMID:15790424 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-2-25
2. ↑ Voorhees RM, Fernandez IS, Scheres SH, Hegde RS. Structure of the Mammalian ribosome-sec61 complex to 3.4 a resolution. Cell. 2014 Jun 19;157(7):1632-43. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.024. Epub 2014 Jun , 12. PMID:24930395 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.024