Structural highlights
Function
[END4_THEMA] Endonuclease IV plays a role in DNA repair. It cleaves phosphodiester bonds at apurinic or apyrimidinic sites (AP sites) to produce new 5'-ends that are base-free deoxyribose 5-phosphate residues. It preferentially attacks modified AP sites created by bleomycin and neocarzinostatin (By similarity).
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The most frequent lesion in DNA is at apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites resulting from DNA-base losses. These AP-site lesions can stall DNA replication and lead to genome instability if left unrepaired. The AP endonucleases are an important class of enzymes that are involved in the repair of AP-site intermediates during damage-general DNA base-excision repair pathways. These enzymes hydrolytically cleave the 5'-phosphodiester bond at an AP site to generate a free 3'-hydroxyl group and a 5'-terminal sugar phosphate using their AP nuclease activity. Specifically, Thermotoga maritima endonuclease IV is a member of the second conserved AP endonuclease family that includes Escherichia coli endonuclease IV, which is the archetype of the AP endonuclease superfamily. In order to more fully characterize the AP endonuclease family of enzymes, two X-ray crystal structures of the T. maritima endonuclease IV homologue were determined in the presence of divalent metal ions bound in the active-site region. These structures of the T. maritima endonuclease IV homologue further revealed the use of the TIM-barrel fold and the trinuclear metal binding site as important highly conserved structural elements that are involved in DNA-binding and AP-site repair processes in the AP endonuclease superfamily.
Structure of the endonuclease IV homologue from Thermotoga maritima in the presence of active-site divalent metal ions.,Tomanicek SJ, Hughes RC, Ng JD, Coates L Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2010 Sep 1;66(Pt, 9):1003-12. Epub 2010 Aug 21. PMID:20823514[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Tomanicek SJ, Hughes RC, Ng JD, Coates L. Structure of the endonuclease IV homologue from Thermotoga maritima in the presence of active-site divalent metal ions. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2010 Sep 1;66(Pt, 9):1003-12. Epub 2010 Aug 21. PMID:20823514 doi:10.1107/S1744309110028575
