RNA
From Proteopedia
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
#Regulation | #Regulation | ||
##<scene name='49/491851/Riboswitch/1'>Riboswitches</scene> | ##<scene name='49/491851/Riboswitch/1'>Riboswitches</scene> | ||
| - | ##<scene name='49/491851/Sirna/ | + | ##<scene name='49/491851/Sirna/2'>siRNA</scene> (<jmol><jmolLink><script> select rna; selectionHalos ON; delay 0.5;selectionHalos OFF;</script><text>⚞RNA⚟</text></jmolLink> </jmol>) |
Revision as of 14:57, 21 December 2018
RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a biological macromolecule that stores and processes genetic information, catalyzes chemical reactions and regulates biological processes. Just like the other nucleic acid DNA, it is a linear polymer (a "strand") of nucleotide building blocks. These building blocks themselves are made up of a sugar linked to a (nitrogenous) base and a phosphate. Structurally, RNA utilizes a different set of bases than DNA, and it sugar (ribose) contains one additional hydroxyl group compared to that of DNA (deoxyribose). Different than DNA, which mostly occurs in pairs of complementary strands in its biological context, RNA mostly lacks a complimentary strand, leading to a larger variety of 3D structures and biological functions.
Contents |
RNA structure and function
| |||||||||||
Transcription and Translation
The expression of genes into proteins and is a process involving two stages called transcription and translation. In the transcription stage a strand of DNA molecule serves as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule called messenger RNA. In the case of RNAs that code for polypetides, this messenger RNA is then translated into proteins on ribosomes.
Post-transcriptionally, specific nucleotides in RNA are often further modified. This is most frequent in [tRNA|transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNAs)]], the adapter molecules of Translation, and ribosomal ribonucleic acids (rRNAs) of the ribosome.
See Also
- Ribosome
- Translation
- DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation
- Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)
- Ribozyme
- Kink-turn motif
- Pseudouridine
- Non-Standard Residues
- DNA
- For additional information, see: Nucleic Acids
External Resources
- HD-RNAS: Hierarchical Database of RNA Structures is a systematic hierarchical organization classifying all RNAs available in the Protein Data Bank. This helps make it easier to navigate the availble structural data given the large numbers of redundant files and ambiguous synthetic sequences.
- Liley Database
