5c0w

Structural highlights

Function

[MTR3_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. MTR3 is part of the hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits proposed to form a central channel which threads RNA substrates for degradation.^{[1] [2] [3]} [RRP6_YEAST] Nuclear-specific catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP6 has 3'-5' exonuclease activity which is not modulated upon association with Exo-9 suggesting that the complex inner RNA-binding path is not used to access its active site.^{[4] [5] [6] [7]} [RRP43_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP43 is part of the hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits proposed to form a central channel which threads RNA substrates for degradation.^{[8] [9] [10] [11]} [RRP40_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP40 as peripheral part of the Exo-9 complex is thought to stabilize the hexameric ring of RNase PH-domain subunits.^{[12] [13] [14]} [CSL4_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes.^{[15] [16] [17]} [LRP1_YEAST] Required for exosome-dependent processing of pre-rRNA and small nucleolar RNA (snRNA) precursors. Involved in processing of 35S pre-rRNA at the A0, A1 and A2 sites. Required for activity of RRP6 in 7S pre-rRNA processing. Also has a role in 3'-processing of U4 and U5 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). Acts as a mRNA export factor. Mediates mRNA degradation upon UV irradiation. Maintains genome integrity where it is involved in both non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination pathway repair of double strand DNA breaks. During NHEJ, required for joining 3'-overhanging ends. Also involved in telomere length regulation and maintenance.^{[18] [19] [20] [21] [22]} [RRP41_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. SKI6 is part of the hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits proposed to form a central channel which threads RNA substrates for degradation.^{[23] [24]} [RRP4_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP4 as peripheral part of the Exo-9 complex is thought to stabilize the hexameric ring of RNase PH-domain subunits.^{[25] [26] [27] [28]} [RRP45_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP45 is part of the hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits proposed to form a central channel which threads RNA substrates for degradation.^{[29] [30]} [RRP46_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP46 is part of the hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits proposed to form a central channel which threads RNA substrates for degradation.^{[31] [32]} [RRP44_YEAST] Catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. DIS3 has both 3'-5' exonuclease and endonuclease activities. The exonuclease activity of DIS3 is down-regulated upon association with Exo-9 possibly involving a conformational change in the catalytic domain and threading of the RNA substrate through the complex central channel. Structured substrates can be degraded if they have a 3' single-stranded extension sufficiently long (such as 35 nt poly(A)) to span the proposed complex inner RNA-binding path and to reach the exonuclease site provided by DIS3. Plays a role in mitotic control.^{[33] [34] [35]} [RRP42_YEAST] Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. RRP42 is part of the hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits proposed to form a central channel which threads RNA substrates for degradation.^{[36] [37]}

References

1. ↑ Kadowaki T, Schneiter R, Hitomi M, Tartakoff AM. Mutations in nucleolar proteins lead to nucleolar accumulation of polyA+ RNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell. 1995 Sep;6(9):1103-10. PMID:8534909
2. ↑ Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D, Mitchell P. The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 15;13(16):2148-58. PMID:10465791
3. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
4. ↑ Briggs MW, Burkard KT, Butler JS. Rrp6p, the yeast homologue of the human PM-Scl 100-kDa autoantigen, is essential for efficient 5.8 S rRNA 3' end formation. J Biol Chem. 1998 May 22;273(21):13255-63. PMID:9582370
5. ↑ Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D, Mitchell P. The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 15;13(16):2148-58. PMID:10465791
6. ↑ Burkard KT, Butler JS. A nuclear 3'-5' exonuclease involved in mRNA degradation interacts with Poly(A) polymerase and the hnRNA protein Npl3p. Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Jan;20(2):604-16. PMID:10611239
7. ↑ Hieronymus H, Yu MC, Silver PA. Genome-wide mRNA surveillance is coupled to mRNA export. Genes Dev. 2004 Nov 1;18(21):2652-62. Epub 2004 Oct 15. PMID:15489286 doi:http://dx.doi.org/gad.1241204
8. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D. The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases. Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):457-66. PMID:9390555
9. ↑ Zanchin NI, Goldfarb DS. The exosome subunit Rrp43p is required for the efficient maturation of 5.8S, 18S and 25S rRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Mar 1;27(5):1283-8. PMID:9973615
10. ↑ Oliveira CC, Gonzales FA, Zanchin NI. Temperature-sensitive mutants of the exosome subunit Rrp43p show a deficiency in mRNA degradation and no longer interact with the exosome. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Oct 1;30(19):4186-98. PMID:12364597
11. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
12. ↑ Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D, Mitchell P. The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 15;13(16):2148-58. PMID:10465791
13. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
14. ↑ Schaeffer D, Tsanova B, Barbas A, Reis FP, Dastidar EG, Sanchez-Rotunno M, Arraiano CM, van Hoof A. The exosome contains domains with specific endoribonuclease, exoribonuclease and cytoplasmic mRNA decay activities. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2009 Jan;16(1):56-62. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1528. Epub 2008 Dec , 7. PMID:19060898 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.1528
15. ↑ Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D, Mitchell P. The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 15;13(16):2148-58. PMID:10465791
16. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
17. ↑ Schaeffer D, Tsanova B, Barbas A, Reis FP, Dastidar EG, Sanchez-Rotunno M, Arraiano CM, van Hoof A. The exosome contains domains with specific endoribonuclease, exoribonuclease and cytoplasmic mRNA decay activities. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2009 Jan;16(1):56-62. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1528. Epub 2008 Dec , 7. PMID:19060898 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.1528
18. ↑ Erdemir T, Bilican B, Cagatay T, Goding CR, Yavuzer U. Saccharomyces cerevisiae C1D is implicated in both non-homologous DNA end joining and homologous recombination. Mol Microbiol. 2002 Nov;46(4):947-57. PMID:12421302
19. ↑ Peng WT, Robinson MD, Mnaimneh S, Krogan NJ, Cagney G, Morris Q, Davierwala AP, Grigull J, Yang X, Zhang W, Mitsakakis N, Ryan OW, Datta N, Jojic V, Pal C, Canadien V, Richards D, Beattie B, Wu LF, Altschuler SJ, Roweis S, Frey BJ, Emili A, Greenblatt JF, Hughes TR. A panoramic view of yeast noncoding RNA processing. Cell. 2003 Jun 27;113(7):919-33. PMID:12837249
20. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Houalla R, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D. Rrp47p is an exosome-associated protein required for the 3' processing of stable RNAs. Mol Cell Biol. 2003 Oct;23(19):6982-92. PMID:12972615
21. ↑ Askree SH, Yehuda T, Smolikov S, Gurevich R, Hawk J, Coker C, Krauskopf A, Kupiec M, McEachern MJ. A genome-wide screen for Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion mutants that affect telomere length. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 8;101(23):8658-63. Epub 2004 May 25. PMID:15161972 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0401263101
22. ↑ Hieronymus H, Yu MC, Silver PA. Genome-wide mRNA surveillance is coupled to mRNA export. Genes Dev. 2004 Nov 1;18(21):2652-62. Epub 2004 Oct 15. PMID:15489286 doi:http://dx.doi.org/gad.1241204
23. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D. The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases. Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):457-66. PMID:9390555
24. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
25. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D. The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases. Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):457-66. PMID:9390555
26. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Tollervey D. The 3' end of yeast 5.8S rRNA is generated by an exonuclease processing mechanism. Genes Dev. 1996 Feb 15;10(4):502-13. PMID:8600032
27. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
28. ↑ Schaeffer D, Tsanova B, Barbas A, Reis FP, Dastidar EG, Sanchez-Rotunno M, Arraiano CM, van Hoof A. The exosome contains domains with specific endoribonuclease, exoribonuclease and cytoplasmic mRNA decay activities. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2009 Jan;16(1):56-62. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1528. Epub 2008 Dec , 7. PMID:19060898 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.1528
29. ↑ Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D, Mitchell P. The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 15;13(16):2148-58. PMID:10465791
30. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
31. ↑ Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, Mann M, Tollervey D, Mitchell P. The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev. 1999 Aug 15;13(16):2148-58. PMID:10465791
32. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
33. ↑ Noguchi E, Hayashi N, Azuma Y, Seki T, Nakamura M, Nakashima N, Yanagida M, He X, Mueller U, Sazer S, Nishimoto T. Dis3, implicated in mitotic control, binds directly to Ran and enhances the GEF activity of RCC1. EMBO J. 1996 Oct 15;15(20):5595-605. PMID:8896453
34. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D. The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases. Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):457-66. PMID:9390555
35. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
36. ↑ Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D. The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases. Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):457-66. PMID:9390555
37. ↑ Dziembowski A, Lorentzen E, Conti E, Seraphin B. A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):15-22. Epub 2006 Dec 17. PMID:17173052 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nsmb1184
38. ↑ Makino DL, Schuch B, Stegmann E, Baumgartner M, Basquin C, Conti E. RNA degradation paths in a 12-subunit nuclear exosome complex. Nature. 2015 Jul 29. doi: 10.1038/nature14865. PMID:26222026 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14865