| Structural highlights
Disease
[TAF1_HUMAN] Defects in TAF1 are the cause of dystonia type 3 (DYT3) [MIM:314250]; also called X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP). DYT3 is a X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism disorder. Dystonia is defined by the presence of sustained involuntary muscle contractions, often leading to abnormal postures. DYT3 is characterized by severe progressive torsion dystonia followed by parkinsonism. Its prevalence is high in the Philippines. DYT3 has a well-defined pathology of extensive neuronal loss and mosaic gliosis in the striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) which appears to resemble that in Huntington disease.[1] [2]
Function
[TAF1_HUMAN] Largest component and core scaffold of the TFIID basal transcription factor complex. Contains novel N- and C-terminal Ser/Thr kinase domains which can autophosphorylate or transphosphorylate other transcription factors. Phosphorylates TP53 on 'Thr-55' which leads to MDM2-mediated degradation of TP53. Phosphorylates GTF2A1 and GTF2F1 on Ser residues. Possesses DNA-binding activity. Essential for progression of the G1 phase of the cell cycle.[3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
TFIID is a large multiprotein complex that initiates assembly of the transcription machinery. It is unclear how TFIID recognizes promoters in vivo when templates are nucleosome-bound. Here, it is shown that TAFII250, the largest subunit of TFIID, contains two tandem bromodomain modules that bind selectively to multiply acetylated histone H4 peptides. The 2.1 angstrom crystal structure of the double bromodomain reveals two side-by-side, four-helix bundles with a highly polarized surface charge distribution. Each bundle contains an Nepsilon-acetyllysine binding pocket at its center, which results in a structure ideally suited for recognition of diacetylated histone H4 tails. Thus, TFIID may be targeted to specific chromatin-bound promoters and may play a role in chromatin recognition.
Structure and function of a human TAFII250 double bromodomain module.,Jacobson RH, Ladurner AG, King DS, Tjian R Science. 2000 May 26;288(5470):1422-5. PMID:10827952[10]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Nolte D, Niemann S, Muller U. Specific sequence changes in multiple transcript system DYT3 are associated with X-linked dystonia parkinsonism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Sep 2;100(18):10347-52. Epub 2003 Aug 19. PMID:12928496 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1831949100
- ↑ Makino S, Kaji R, Ando S, Tomizawa M, Yasuno K, Goto S, Matsumoto S, Tabuena MD, Maranon E, Dantes M, Lee LV, Ogasawara K, Tooyama I, Akatsu H, Nishimura M, Tamiya G. Reduced neuron-specific expression of the TAF1 gene is associated with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Mar;80(3):393-406. Epub 2007 Jan 23. PMID:17273961 doi:S0002-9297(07)60089-5
- ↑ Sekiguchi T, Nohiro Y, Nakamura Y, Hisamoto N, Nishimoto T. The human CCG1 gene, essential for progression of the G1 phase, encodes a 210-kilodalton nuclear DNA-binding protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jun;11(6):3317-25. PMID:2038334
- ↑ Hisatake K, Hasegawa S, Takada R, Nakatani Y, Horikoshi M, Roeder RG. The p250 subunit of native TATA box-binding factor TFIID is the cell-cycle regulatory protein CCG1. Nature. 1993 Mar 11;362(6416):179-81. PMID:8450888 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/362179a0
- ↑ Dikstein R, Ruppert S, Tjian R. TAFII250 is a bipartite protein kinase that phosphorylates the base transcription factor RAP74. Cell. 1996 Mar 8;84(5):781-90. PMID:8625415
- ↑ O'Brien T, Tjian R. Functional analysis of the human TAFII250 N-terminal kinase domain. Mol Cell. 1998 May;1(6):905-11. PMID:9660973
- ↑ Siegert JL, Robbins PD. Rb inhibits the intrinsic kinase activity of TATA-binding protein-associated factor TAFII250. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):846-54. PMID:9858607
- ↑ Solow S, Salunek M, Ryan R, Lieberman PM. Taf(II) 250 phosphorylates human transcription factor IIA on serine residues important for TBP binding and transcription activity. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 11;276(19):15886-92. Epub 2001 Feb 20. PMID:11278496 doi:10.1074/jbc.M009385200
- ↑ Li HH, Li AG, Sheppard HM, Liu X. Phosphorylation on Thr-55 by TAF1 mediates degradation of p53: a role for TAF1 in cell G1 progression. Mol Cell. 2004 Mar 26;13(6):867-78. PMID:15053879
- ↑ Jacobson RH, Ladurner AG, King DS, Tjian R. Structure and function of a human TAFII250 double bromodomain module. Science. 2000 May 26;288(5470):1422-5. PMID:10827952
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