| Structural highlights
Function
[RAD53_YEAST] Controls S-phase checkpoint as well as G1 and G2 DNA damage checkpoints. Phosphorylates proteins on serine, threonine, and tyrosine. Prevents entry into anaphase and mitotic exit after DNA damage via regulation of the Polo kinase CDC5. Seems to be involved in the phosphorylation of RPH1.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [RAD9_YEAST] Essential for cell cycle arrest at the G2 stage following DNA damage by X-irradiation or inactivation of DNA ligase.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The forkhead-associated (FHA) domain is a protein module found in many proteins involved in cell signaling in response to DNA damage. It has been suggested to bind to pThr sites of its target protein. Recently we have determined the first structure of an FHA domain, FHA2 from the yeast protein Rad53, and demonstrated that FHA2 binds to a pTyr-containing peptide (826)EDI(pY)YLD(832) from Rad9, with a moderate affinity (K(d) ca. 100 microM). We now report the solution structure of the complex of FHA2 bound with this pTyr peptide. The structure shows that the phosphate group of pTyr interacts directly with three arginine residues (605, 617, and 620), and that the leucine residue at the +2 position from the pTyr interacts with a hydrophobic surface on FHA2. The sequence specificity of FHA2 was determined by screening a combinatorial pTyr library. The results clearly show that FHA2 recognizes specific sequences C-terminal to pTyr with the following consensus: XX(pY)N(1)N(2)N(3), where N(1)=Leu, Met, Phe, or Ile, N(2)=Tyr, Phe, Leu, or Met, and N(3)=Phe, Leu, or Met. Two of the selected peptides, GF(pY)LYFIR and DV(pY)FYMIR, bind FHA2 with K(d) values of 1.1 and 5.0 microM, respectively. The results, along with other recent reports, demonstrate that the FHA domain is a new class of phosphoprotein-binding domain, capable of binding both pTyr and pThr sequences.
II. Structure and specificity of the interaction between the FHA2 domain of Rad53 and phosphotyrosyl peptides.,Wang P, Byeon IJ, Liao H, Beebe KD, Yongkiettrakul S, Pei D, Tsai MD J Mol Biol. 2000 Sep 29;302(4):927-40. PMID:10993733[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Zheng P, Fay DS, Burton J, Xiao H, Pinkham JL, Stern DF. SPK1 is an essential S-phase-specific gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that encodes a nuclear serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Sep;13(9):5829-42. PMID:8355715
- ↑ Allen JB, Zhou Z, Siede W, Friedberg EC, Elledge SJ. The SAD1/RAD53 protein kinase controls multiple checkpoints and DNA damage-induced transcription in yeast. Genes Dev. 1994 Oct 15;8(20):2401-15. PMID:7958905
- ↑ Sanchez Y, Bachant J, Wang H, Hu F, Liu D, Tetzlaff M, Elledge SJ. Control of the DNA damage checkpoint by chk1 and rad53 protein kinases through distinct mechanisms. Science. 1999 Nov 5;286(5442):1166-71. PMID:10550056
- ↑ Kim EM, Jang YK, Park SD. Phosphorylation of Rph1, a damage-responsive repressor of PHR1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is dependent upon Rad53 kinase. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Feb 1;30(3):643-8. PMID:11809875
- ↑ Pike BL, Yongkiettrakul S, Tsai MD, Heierhorst J. Mdt1, a novel Rad53 FHA1 domain-interacting protein, modulates DNA damage tolerance and G(2)/M cell cycle progression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Apr;24(7):2779-88. PMID:15024067
- ↑ Wang P, Byeon IJ, Liao H, Beebe KD, Yongkiettrakul S, Pei D, Tsai MD. II. Structure and specificity of the interaction between the FHA2 domain of Rad53 and phosphotyrosyl peptides. J Mol Biol. 2000 Sep 29;302(4):927-40. PMID:10993733 doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.4095
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