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Publication Abstract from PubMed

TGIF1 is a multifunctional protein that represses TGF-beta-activated transcription by interacting with Smad2-Smad4 complexes. We found that the complex structure of TGIF1-HD bound to the TGACA motif revealed a combined binding mode that involves the HD core and the major groove, on the one hand, and the amino-terminal (N-term) arm and the minor groove of the DNA, on the other. We also show that TGIF1-HD interacts with the MH1 domain of Smad proteins, thereby indicating that TGIF1-HD is also a protein-binding domain. Moreover, the formation of the HD-MH1 complex partially hinders the DNA-binding site of the complex, preventing the efficient interaction of TGIF1-HD with DNA. We propose that the binding of the TGIF1 C-term to the Smad2-MH2 domain brings both the HD and MH1 domain into close proximity. This local proximity facilitates the interaction of these DNA-binding domains, thus strengthening the formation of the protein complex versus DNA binding. Once the protein complex has been formed, the TGIF1-Smad system would be released from promoters/enhancers, thereby illustrating one of the mechanisms used by TGIF1 to exert its function as an active repressor of Smad-induced TGF-beta signaling.

TGIF1 homeodomain interacts with Smad MH1 domain and represses TGF-beta signaling.,Guca E, Sunol D, Ruiz L, Konkol A, Cordero J, Torner C, Aragon E, Martin-Malpartida P, Riera A, Macias MJ Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jul 28. pii: 5061025. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky680. PMID:30060237^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.