| Structural highlights
Disease
[PPLA_HUMAN] Defects in PLN are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1P (CMD1P) [MIM:609909]. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disorder characterized by ventricular dilation and impaired systolic function, resulting in congestive heart failure and arrhythmia. Patients are at risk of premature death.[1] [2] Defects in PLN are the cause of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy type 18 (CMH18) [MIM:613874]. CMH18 is a hereditary heart disorder characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, which is usually asymmetric and often involves the interventricular septum. The symptoms include dyspnea, syncope, collapse, palpitations, and chest pain. They can be readily provoked by exercise. The disorder has inter- and intrafamilial variability ranging from benign to malignant forms with high risk of cardiac failure and sudden cardiac death.[3]
Function
[PPLA_HUMAN] Phospholamban has been postulated to regulate the activity of the calcium pump of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Peptides representing the N-terminal domain (Ia) of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum protein phospholamban (residues 1-25 [PLB(1-25)] and a phosphorylated form [pPLB(1-25)]) were synthesized and their conformations examined using circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In aqueous solution, both PLB(1-25) and pPLB(1-25) adopt a primarily disordered conformation. In 30% trifluoroethanol/10 mM phosphate, PLB(1-25) exhibits a CD spectrum consistent with 60% helical structure. This value decreases to 27% for the phosphorylated peptide. CD spectra in 2% SDS indicate 40% alpha-helix for PLB(1-25) and 20% for pPLB(1-25). Full chemical shift assignments were obtained by conventional homonuclear NMR methodologies for both PLB(1-25) and pPLB(1-25) in 30% trifluoroethanol/water and 300 mM SDS. The solution structure of PLB(1-25) in 30% TFE/water was determined from distance geometry calculations using 54 NOE distance constraints and 17 torsion angle constraints. In the family of 20 calculated conformers, the root mean square deviation from the mean structure is 0.79 A for backbone heavy atoms of residues 1-17. The structure comprises a regular alpha-helix extending from M1 to S16 with the remaining C-terminal residues disordered. The calculated structure is supported by analysis of C alpha H secondary shifts which are significantly negative for residues 1-16. Chemical shift degeneracy is substantially more extensive in the phospho form and precludes a direct comparison of calculated structures. However, the magnitudes of upfield secondary shifts are decreased by 20% in residues 1-11 and are not significantly helical for residues 12-16 according to the criteria of Wishart et al. [(1992) Biochemistry 31, 1647-1651]. 3JHN alpha coupling constants measured for I12, R13, A15, and S16 also suggest that residues 12-16 undergo a local unwinding of the helix upon phosphorylation. Similar results are obtained for PLB(1-25) and pPLB(1-25) in 300 mM perdeuterated sodium dodecyl sulfate except that differences in backbone dynamics for the helical and nonhelical regions of the peptide are evident in the DQF-COSY line shapes for fingerprint cross-peaks. This disruption of structure at the C-terminus of the helix suggests a model for phosphorylation-induced dissociation of the PLB/Ca(2+)-ATPase complex.
Solution structure of the cytoplasmic domain of phopholamban: phosphorylation leads to a local perturbation in secondary structure.,Mortishire-Smith RJ, Pitzenberger SM, Burke CJ, Middaugh CR, Garsky VM, Johnson RG Biochemistry. 1995 Jun 13;34(23):7603-13. PMID:7779806[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Schmitt JP, Kamisago M, Asahi M, Li GH, Ahmad F, Mende U, Kranias EG, MacLennan DH, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. Dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure caused by a mutation in phospholamban. Science. 2003 Feb 28;299(5611):1410-3. PMID:12610310 doi:10.1126/science.1081578
- ↑ Haghighi K, Kolokathis F, Gramolini AO, Waggoner JR, Pater L, Lynch RA, Fan GC, Tsiapras D, Parekh RR, Dorn GW 2nd, MacLennan DH, Kremastinos DT, Kranias EG. A mutation in the human phospholamban gene, deleting arginine 14, results in lethal, hereditary cardiomyopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 31;103(5):1388-93. Epub 2006 Jan 23. PMID:16432188 doi:10.1073/pnas.0510519103
- ↑ Minamisawa S, Sato Y, Tatsuguchi Y, Fujino T, Imamura S, Uetsuka Y, Nakazawa M, Matsuoka R. Mutation of the phospholamban promoter associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Apr 25;304(1):1-4. PMID:12705874
- ↑ Mortishire-Smith RJ, Pitzenberger SM, Burke CJ, Middaugh CR, Garsky VM, Johnson RG. Solution structure of the cytoplasmic domain of phopholamban: phosphorylation leads to a local perturbation in secondary structure. Biochemistry. 1995 Jun 13;34(23):7603-13. PMID:7779806
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