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5ewe

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Revision as of 09:02, 4 December 2019

Ternary complex of human DNA polymerase eta inserting rCTP opposite template G

Structural highlights

5ewe is a 3 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:	, ,
Related:	5ewf, 5ewg
Gene:	POLH, RAD30, RAD30A, XPV (HUMAN)
Activity:	DNA-directed DNA polymerase, with EC number 2.7.7.7
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

[POLH_HUMAN] Defects in POLH are the cause of xeroderma pigmentosum variant type (XPV) [MIM:278750]; also designated as XP-V. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disease due to deficient nucleotide excision repair. It is characterized by hypersensitivity of the skin to sunlight, followed by high incidence of skin cancer and frequent neurologic abnormalities. XPV shows normal nucleotide excision repair, but an exaggerated delay in recovery of replicative DNA synthesis. Most XPV patients do not develop clinical symptoms and skin neoplasias until a later age. Clinical manifestations are limited to photo-induced deterioration of the skin and eyes.^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5]

Function

[POLH_HUMAN] DNA polymerase specifically involved in DNA repair. Plays an important role in translesion synthesis, where the normal high fidelity DNA polymerases cannot proceed and DNA synthesis stalls. Plays an important role in the repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers. Depending on the context, it inserts the correct base, but causes frequent base transitions and transversions. May play a role in hypermutation at immunoglobulin genes. Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but does not have lyase activity. Targets POLI to replication foci.^[6] ^[7] ^[8] ^[9] ^[10]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Ribonucleotides and 2'-deoxyribonucleotides are the basic units for RNA and DNA, respectively, and the only difference is the extra 2'-OH group on the RNA sugar. Cellular rNTP concentrations are much higher than those of dNTP. When copying DNA, DNA polymerases not only select the base of the incoming dNTP to conform to Watson-Crick pairing with the template base but also distinguish the sugar moiety. Some DNA polymerases use a steric gate residue to prevent rNTP incorporation by creating a clash with the 2'-OH group. Y-family human DNA polymerase eta (hpol eta) is of interest owing to its spacious active site (especially in the major groove) and tolerance of DNA lesions. Here, we show that hpol eta maintains base selectivity when incorporating rNTPs opposite undamaged DNA and the DNA lesions 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) but with rates that are 103-fold lower than for inserting the corresponding dNTPs. X-ray crystal structures show that hpol eta scaffolds the incoming rNTP to pair with the template base (dG) or 8-oxodG with a significant propeller twist. As a result, the 2'-OH group avoids a clash with the steric gate, Phe-18, but the distance between primer end and Palpha of the incoming rNTP increases by 1 A, elevating the energy barrier and slowing polymerization compared with dNTP. In addition, Tyr-92 was identified as a second line of defense to maintain the position of Phe-18. This is the first crystal structure of a DNA polymerase with an incoming rNTP opposite a DNA lesion.

Mechanism of Ribonucleotide Incorporation by Human DNA Polymerase eta.,Su Y, Egli M, Guengerich FP J Biol Chem. 2016 Jan 6. pii: jbc.M115.706226. PMID:26740629^[11]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Masutani C, Kusumoto R, Yamada A, Dohmae N, Yokoi M, Yuasa M, Araki M, Iwai S, Takio K, Hanaoka F. The XPV (xeroderma pigmentosum variant) gene encodes human DNA polymerase eta. Nature. 1999 Jun 17;399(6737):700-4. PMID:10385124 doi:10.1038/21447
↑ Johnson RE, Kondratick CM, Prakash S, Prakash L. hRAD30 mutations in the variant form of xeroderma pigmentosum. Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):263-5. PMID:10398605
↑ Yuasa M, Masutani C, Eki T, Hanaoka F. Genomic structure, chromosomal localization and identification of mutations in the xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) gene. Oncogene. 2000 Sep 28;19(41):4721-8. PMID:11032022 doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203842
↑ Itoh T, Linn S, Kamide R, Tokushige H, Katori N, Hosaka Y, Yamaizumi M. Xeroderma pigmentosum variant heterozygotes show reduced levels of recovery of replicative DNA synthesis in the presence of caffeine after ultraviolet irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Dec;115(6):981-5. PMID:11121129 doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00154.x
↑ Broughton BC, Cordonnier A, Kleijer WJ, Jaspers NG, Fawcett H, Raams A, Garritsen VH, Stary A, Avril MF, Boudsocq F, Masutani C, Hanaoka F, Fuchs RP, Sarasin A, Lehmann AR. Molecular analysis of mutations in DNA polymerase eta in xeroderma pigmentosum-variant patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jan 22;99(2):815-20. Epub 2002 Jan 2. PMID:11773631 doi:10.1073/pnas.022473899
↑ Masutani C, Kusumoto R, Yamada A, Dohmae N, Yokoi M, Yuasa M, Araki M, Iwai S, Takio K, Hanaoka F. The XPV (xeroderma pigmentosum variant) gene encodes human DNA polymerase eta. Nature. 1999 Jun 17;399(6737):700-4. PMID:10385124 doi:10.1038/21447
↑ Glick E, Vigna KL, Loeb LA. Mutations in human DNA polymerase eta motif II alter bypass of DNA lesions. EMBO J. 2001 Dec 17;20(24):7303-12. PMID:11743006 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.24.7303
↑ Zeng X, Winter DB, Kasmer C, Kraemer KH, Lehmann AR, Gearhart PJ. DNA polymerase eta is an A-T mutator in somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes. Nat Immunol. 2001 Jun;2(6):537-41. PMID:11376341 doi:10.1038/88740
↑ Haracska L, Prakash L, Prakash S. A mechanism for the exclusion of low-fidelity human Y-family DNA polymerases from base excision repair. Genes Dev. 2003 Nov 15;17(22):2777-85. PMID:14630940 doi:10.1101/gad.1146103
↑ Faili A, Aoufouchi S, Weller S, Vuillier F, Stary A, Sarasin A, Reynaud CA, Weill JC. DNA polymerase eta is involved in hypermutation occurring during immunoglobulin class switch recombination. J Exp Med. 2004 Jan 19;199(2):265-70. PMID:14734526 doi:10.1084/jem.20031831
↑ Su Y, Egli M, Guengerich FP. Mechanism of Ribonucleotide Incorporation by Human DNA Polymerase eta. J Biol Chem. 2016 Jan 6. pii: jbc.M115.706226. PMID:26740629 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.706226

1 Structural highlights
2 Disease
3 Function
4 Publication Abstract from PubMed
5 See Also
6 References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/5ewe"

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Ternary complex of human DNA polymerase eta inserting rCTP opposite template G==
-<StructureSection load='5ewe' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5ewe]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.66&Aring;' scene=''>
+<StructureSection load='5ewe' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5ewe]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.66&Aring;' scene=''>
 == Structural highlights ==
-<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5ewe]] is a 3 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5EWE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5EWE FirstGlance]. <br>
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5ewe]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5EWE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5EWE FirstGlance]. <br>
 </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CTP:CYTIDINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>CTP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene></td></tr>
 <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[5ewf|5ewf]], [[5ewg|5ewg]]</td></tr>
+<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POLH, RAD30, RAD30A, XPV ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
 <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] </span></td></tr>
 <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5ewe FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5ewe OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5ewe PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5ewe RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5ewe PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5ewe ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
@@ Line 22: / Line 23: @@
 </div>
 <div class="pdbe-citations 5ewe" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
+==See Also==
+*[[DNA polymerase 3D structures|DNA polymerase 3D structures]]
 == References ==
 <references/>
@@ Line 27: / Line 31: @@
 </StructureSection>
 [[Category: DNA-directed DNA polymerase]]
+[[Category: Human]]
+[[Category: Large Structures]]
 [[Category: Egli, M]]
 [[Category: Guengerich, F P]]

5ewe

From Proteopedia

Revision as of 09:02, 4 December 2019

Ternary complex of human DNA polymerase eta inserting rCTP opposite template G

Structural highlights

Disease

Function

Publication Abstract from PubMed

See Also

References

Contents

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

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