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Publication Abstract from PubMed

A strategy for HIV-1 vaccine development is to define envelope (Env) evolution of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) in infection and to recreate those events by vaccination. Here, we report host tolerance mechanisms that limit the development of CD4-binding site (CD4bs), HCDR3-binder bnAbs via sequential HIV-1 Env vaccination. Vaccine-induced macaque CD4bs antibodies neutralize 7% of HIV-1 strains, recognize open Env trimers, and accumulate relatively modest somatic mutations. In naive CD4bs, unmutated common ancestor knock-in mice Env(+)B cell clones develop anergy and partial deletion at the transitional to mature B cell stage, but become Env(-) upon receptor editing. In comparison with repetitive Env immunizations, sequential Env administration rescue anergic Env(+) (non-edited) precursor B cells. Thus, stepwise immunization initiates CD4bs-bnAb responses, but immune tolerance mechanisms restrict their development, suggesting that sequential immunogen-based vaccine regimens will likely need to incorporate strategies to expand bnAb precursor pools.

Initiation of HIV neutralizing B cell lineages with sequential envelope immunizations.,Williams WB, Zhang J, Jiang C, Nicely NI, Fera D, Luo K, Moody MA, Liao HX, Alam SM, Kepler TB, Ramesh A, Wiehe K, Holland JA, Bradley T, Vandergrift N, Saunders KO, Parks R, Foulger A, Xia SM, Bonsignori M, Montefiori DC, Louder M, Eaton A, Santra S, Scearce R, Sutherland L, Newman A, Bouton-Verville H, Bowman C, Bomze H, Gao F, Marshall DJ, Whitesides JF, Nie X, Kelsoe G, Reed SG, Fox CB, Clary K, Koutsoukos M, Franco D, Mascola JR, Harrison SC, Haynes BF, Verkoczy L Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 23;8(1):1732. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01336-3. PMID:29170366^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.