2cou

Structural highlights

Function

[ECT2_MOUSE] Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Promotes guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family members of small GTPases, like RHOA, RHOC, RAC1 and CDC42. Required for signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of cytokinesis. Component of the centralspindlin complex that serves as a microtubule-dependent and Rho-mediated signaling required for the myosin contractile ring formation during the cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates the translocation of RHOA from the central spindle to the equatorial region. Plays a role in the control of mitotic spindle assembly; regulates the activation of CDC42 in metaphase for the process of spindle fibers attachment to kinetochores before chromosome congression. Involved in the regulation of epithelial cell polarity; participates in the formation of epithelial tight junctions in a polarity complex PARD3-PARD6-protein kinase PRKCQ-dependent manner. Plays a role in the regulation of neurite outgrowth. Inhibits phenobarbital (PB)-induced NR1I3 nuclear translocation. Stimulates the activity of RAC1 through its association with the oncogenic PARD6A-PRKCI complex in cancer cells, thereby acting to coordinately drive tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Also stimulates genotoxic stress-induced RHOB activity in breast cancer cells leading to their cell death.^{[1] [2]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Hosseinpour F, Timsit Y, Koike C, Matsui K, Yamamoto Y, Moore R, Negishi M. Overexpression of the Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 inhibits nuclear translocation of nuclear receptor CAR in the mouse liver. FEBS Lett. 2007 Oct 16;581(25):4937-42. Epub 2007 Sep 21. PMID:17904126 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2007.09.024
2. ↑ Tsuji T, Higashida C, Yoshida Y, Islam MS, Dohmoto M, Koizumi K, Higashida H. Ect2, an ortholog of Drosophila's pebble, negatively regulates neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2011 Jul;31(5):663-8. doi: 10.1007/s10571-011-9668-3. Epub, 2011 Feb 25. PMID:21350944 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10571-011-9668-3