Structural highlights
Disease
[ODP2_HUMAN] Note=Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by the presence of antimitochondrial autoantibodies in patients' serum. It manifests with inflammatory obliteration of intra-hepatic bile duct, leading to liver cell damage and cirrhosis. Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis show autoantibodies against the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Defects in DLAT are the cause of pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 deficiency (PDHE2 deficiency) [MIM:245348]; also known as lactic acidemia due to defect of E2 lipoyl transacetylase of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency is a major cause of primary lactic acidosis and neurological dysfunction in infancy and early childhood. In this form of PDH deficiency episodic dystonia is the major neurological manifestation, with other more common features of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, such as hypotonia and ataxia, being less prominent.
Function
[ODP2_HUMAN] The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a large multienzyme complex that catalyzes the irreversible conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-coenzyme A with reduction of NAD(+). Distinctive from PDCs in lower forms of life, in mammalian PDC, dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase (E2; E2p in PDC) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase binding protein (E3BP) combine to form a complex that plays a central role in the organization, regulation, and integration of catalytic reactions of PDC. However, the atomic structure and organization of the mammalian E2p/E3BP heterocomplex are unknown. Here, we report the structure of the recombinant dodecahedral core formed by the C-terminal inner-core/catalytic (IC) domain of human E2p determined at 3.1 A resolution by cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM). The structure of the N-terminal fragment and four other surface areas of the human E2p IC domain exhibit significant differences from those of the other E2 crystal structures, which may have implications for the integration of E3BP in mammals. This structure also allowed us to obtain a homology model for the highly homologous IC domain of E3BP. Analysis of the interactions of human E2p or E3BP with their adjacent IC domains in the dodecahedron provides new insights into the organization of the E2p/E3BP heterocomplex and suggests a potential contribution by E3BP to catalysis in mammalian PDC.
Atomic Structure of the E2 Inner Core of Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex.,Jiang J, Baiesc FL, Hiromasa Y, Yu X, Hui WH, Dai X, Roche TE, Zhou ZH Biochemistry. 2018 Apr 12. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00357. PMID:29608861[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Jiang J, Baiesc FL, Hiromasa Y, Yu X, Hui WH, Dai X, Roche TE, Zhou ZH. Atomic Structure of the E2 Inner Core of Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex. Biochemistry. 2018 Apr 12. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00357. PMID:29608861 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00357
