6um2

Structural highlights

Disease

[IGF2_HUMAN] Epigenetic changes of DNA hypomethylation in IGF2 are a cause of Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) [MIM:180860]. A clinically heterogeneous condition characterized by severe intrauterine growth retardation, poor postnatal growth, craniofacial features such as a triangular shaped face and a broad forehead, body asymmetry, and a variety of minor malformations. The phenotypic expression changes during childhood and adolescence, with the facial features and asymmetry usually becoming more subtle with age.^[1]

Function

[MPRI_BOVIN] Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4 (By similarity). Transport of phosphorylated lysosomal enzymes from the Golgi complex and the cell surface to lysosomes. Lysosomal enzymes bearing phosphomannosyl residues bind specifically to mannose-6-phosphate receptors in the Golgi apparatus and the resulting receptor-ligand complex is transported to an acidic prelyosomal compartment where the low pH mediates the dissociation of the complex. This receptor also binds IGF2. [IGF2_HUMAN] The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. In vitro, they are potent mitogens for cultured cells. IGF-II is influenced by placental lactogen and may play a role in fetal development.^[2] Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3.^[3]

References

1. ↑ Bartholdi D, Krajewska-Walasek M, Ounap K, Gaspar H, Chrzanowska KH, Ilyana H, Kayserili H, Lurie IW, Schinzel A, Baumer A. Epigenetic mutations of the imprinted IGF2-H19 domain in Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS): results from a large cohort of patients with SRS and SRS-like phenotypes. J Med Genet. 2009 Mar;46(3):192-7. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2008.061820. Epub 2008 Dec 9. PMID:19066168 doi:10.1136/jmg.2008.061820
2. ↑ Cornish J, Callon KE, Bava U, Watson M, Xu X, Lin JM, Chan VA, Grey AB, Naot D, Buchanan CM, Cooper GJ, Reid IR. Preptin, another peptide product of the pancreatic beta-cell, is osteogenic in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan;292(1):E117-22. Epub 2006 Aug 15. PMID:16912056 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00642.2005
3. ↑ Cornish J, Callon KE, Bava U, Watson M, Xu X, Lin JM, Chan VA, Grey AB, Naot D, Buchanan CM, Cooper GJ, Reid IR. Preptin, another peptide product of the pancreatic beta-cell, is osteogenic in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan;292(1):E117-22. Epub 2006 Aug 15. PMID:16912056 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00642.2005