Structural highlights
Function
[MO4L1_HUMAN] Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. This modification may both alter nucleosome - DNA interactions and promote interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription. This complex may be required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. The NuA4 complex ATPase and helicase activities seem to be, at least in part, contributed by the association of RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 with EP400. NuA4 may also play a direct role in DNA repair when directly recruited to sites of DNA damage. Also component of the mSin3A complex which acts to repress transcription by deacetylation of nucleosomal histones. Required for homologous recombination repair (HRR) and resistance to mitomycin C (MMC). Involved in the localization of PALB2, BRCA2 and RAD51, but not BRCA1, to DNA-damage foci.[1] [2]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
MRG15 is a transcription factor expressed in a variety of human tissues, and its orthologs have been found in many other eukaryotes which constitute the MRG protein family. It plays a vital role in embryonic development and cell proliferation, and is involved in cellular senescence. The C-terminal part of MRG15 forms a conserved MRG domain which is involved in interactions with the tumor suppressor protein retinoblastoma and a nucleoprotein PAM14 during transcriptional regulation. We report here the characterization of the interaction between the MRG domain of human MRG15 and PAM14 using both yeast two-hybrid and in vitro binding assays based on the crystal structure of the MRG domain. The MRG domain is predominantly hydrophobic, and consists of mainly alpha-helices that are arranged in a three-layer sandwich topology. The hydrophobic core is stabilized by interactions among a number of conserved hydrophobic residues. The molecular surface is largely hydrophobic, but contains a few hydrophilic patches. Structure-based site-directed mutagenesis studies identified key residues involved in the binding of PAM14. Structural and biochemical data together demonstrate that the PAM14 binding site is consisted of residues Ile160, Leu168, Val169, Trp172, Tyr235, Val268, and Arg269 of MRG15, which form a shallow hydrophobic pocket to interact with the N-terminal 50 residues of PAM14 through primarily hydrophobic interactions. These results provide the molecular basis for the interaction between the MRG domain and PAM14, and reveal insights into the potential biological function of MRG15 in transcription regulation and chromatin remodeling.
The MRG domain of human MRG15 uses a shallow hydrophobic pocket to interact with the N-terminal region of PAM14.,Zhang P, Zhao J, Wang B, Du J, Lu Y, Chen J, Ding J Protein Sci. 2006 Oct;15(10):2423-34. PMID:17008723[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Doyon Y, Selleck W, Lane WS, Tan S, Cote J. Structural and functional conservation of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex from yeast to humans. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Mar;24(5):1884-96. PMID:14966270
- ↑ Hayakawa T, Zhang F, Hayakawa N, Ohtani Y, Shinmyozu K, Nakayama J, Andreassen PR. MRG15 binds directly to PALB2 and stimulates homology-directed repair of chromosomal breaks. J Cell Sci. 2010 Apr 1;123(Pt 7):1124-30. doi: 10.1242/jcs.060178. PMID:20332121 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.060178
- ↑ Zhang P, Zhao J, Wang B, Du J, Lu Y, Chen J, Ding J. The MRG domain of human MRG15 uses a shallow hydrophobic pocket to interact with the N-terminal region of PAM14. Protein Sci. 2006 Oct;15(10):2423-34. PMID:17008723 doi:15/10/2423
