Structural highlights
Function
[RK20_SPIOL] Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00382] [RK11_SPIOL] This protein binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). [RR8_SPIOL] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01302] [RR19_SPIOL] This protein binds directly to 16S ribosomal RNA.[1] [RK21_SPIOL] This protein binds to 23S ribosomal RNA in the presence of protein L20 (By similarity). [RK19_SPIOL] Located at the 30S-50S ribosomal subunit interface and binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA (By similarity).[:] [RK22_SPIOL] This protein binds specifically to 23S rRNA (By similarity). The globular domain of the protein is located near the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit, while an extended beta-hairpin is found that lines the wall of the exit tunnel in the center of the 70S ribosome (By similarity). Binds an erythromycin derivative added to the 50S subunit. [RR4_SPIOL] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the body of the 30S subunit (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01306] With S5 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01306] [PRSP1_SPIOL] A ribosome-binding factor that may be involved in an unknown stress response. Modeling onto the 70S spinach chloroplast ribosome and its position in the E.coli 70S ribosome suggests it binds in the decoding region of the 30S ribosomal subunit, precluding the binding of tRNA to the ribosome. Its position is incompatible with translation. Upon expression in E.coli binds to 30S and 70S ribosomes, decreases binding of tRNA(fMet). Stabilizes 70S ribosomes against dissociation. May be recycled by the combined action of ribosome-recycling factor (RRF) and EF-G.[2] [RK14_SPIOL] Binds to 23S rRNA (By similarity). [RRP3_SPIOL] One of the plastid-specific ribosomal proteins. [RR12_SPIOL] With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00403_B] [RK23_SPIOL] Binds to 23S rRNA (By similarity). Located at the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit. [RR14_SPIOL] Binds 16S rRNA, required for the assembly of 30S particles (By similarity).[:] [RRP2_SPIOL] May have a role in the recruitment of stored chloroplast mRNAs for active protein synthesis.[3] [RR5_SPIOL] Binds directly to 16S ribosomal RNA. Involved in spectinomycin and neamine resistance and streptomycin independence.[:] [RK34_SPIOL] This protein binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). [RR7_SPIOL] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00480]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Chloroplasts are cellular organelles of plants and algae that are responsible for energy conversion and carbon fixation by the photosynthetic reaction. As a consequence of their endosymbiotic origin, they still contain their own genome and the machinery for protein biosynthesis. Here, we present the atomic structure of the chloroplast 70S ribosome prepared from spinach leaves and resolved by cryo-EM at 3.4 A resolution. The complete structure reveals the features of the 4.5S rRNA, which probably evolved by the fragmentation of the 23S rRNA, and all five plastid-specific ribosomal proteins. These proteins, required for proper assembly and function of the chloroplast translation machinery, bind and stabilize rRNA including regions that only exist in the chloroplast ribosome. Furthermore, the structure reveals plastid-specific extensions of ribosomal proteins that extensively remodel the mRNA entry and exit site on the small subunit as well as the polypeptide tunnel exit and the putative binding site of the signal recognition particle on the large subunit. The translation factor pY, involved in light- and temperature-dependent control of protein synthesis, is bound to the mRNA channel of the small subunit and interacts with 16S rRNA nucleotides at the A-site and P-site, where it protects the decoding centre and inhibits translation by preventing tRNA binding. The small subunit is locked by pY in a non-rotated state, in which the intersubunit bridges to the large subunit are stabilized.
The complete structure of the chloroplast 70S ribosome in complex with translation factor pY.,Bieri P, Leibundgut M, Saurer M, Boehringer D, Ban N EMBO J. 2016 Dec 22. pii: e201695959. doi: 10.15252/embj.201695959. PMID:28007896[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Yamaguchi K, von Knoblauch K, Subramanian AR. The plastid ribosomal proteins. Identification of all the proteins in the 30 S subunit of an organelle ribosome (chloroplast). J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 15;275(37):28455-65. PMID:10874039 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M004350200
- ↑ Sharma MR, Donhofer A, Barat C, Marquez V, Datta PP, Fucini P, Wilson DN, Agrawal RK. PSRP1 is not a ribosomal protein, but a ribosome-binding factor that is recycled by the ribosome-recycling factor (RRF) and elongation factor G (EF-G). J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 5;285(6):4006-14. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.062299. Epub 2009, Dec 4. PMID:19965869 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.062299
- ↑ Yamaguchi K, Subramanian AR. Proteomic identification of all plastid-specific ribosomal proteins in higher plant chloroplast 30S ribosomal subunit. Eur J Biochem. 2003 Jan;270(2):190-205. PMID:12605670
- ↑ Bieri P, Leibundgut M, Saurer M, Boehringer D, Ban N. The complete structure of the chloroplast 70S ribosome in complex with translation factor pY. EMBO J. 2016 Dec 22. pii: e201695959. doi: 10.15252/embj.201695959. PMID:28007896 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/embj.201695959
