User:Linnea Saunders/Sandbox 1
From Proteopedia
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
| - | The circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput and brain-muscle-arnt-like (CLOCK:BMAL1) transcriptional activator complex is an important protein involved in the regulation of our circadian rhythm. This protein is a heterodimer of CLOCK and BMAL1. Its main function is to interact with DNA at regulatory elements to upregulate the production of proteins period (PER) and cryptochrome (CRY) during the day. These proteins (PER and CRY) heterodimerize at night and interact with CLOCK:BMAL1 to repress the transcription of PER and CRY<sup>1</sup> | + | The circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput and brain-muscle-arnt-like (CLOCK:BMAL1) transcriptional activator complex is an important protein involved in the regulation of our circadian rhythm. This protein is a heterodimer of CLOCK and BMAL1. Its main function is to interact with DNA at regulatory elements to upregulate the production of proteins period (PER) and cryptochrome (CRY) during the day. These proteins (PER and CRY) heterodimerize at night and interact with CLOCK:BMAL1 to repress the transcription of PER and CRY.<sup>1</sup> They are then degraded, allowing their transcription to occur again. This process takes approximately 24 hours and is the main mechanism of the circadian rhythm, and CLOCK:BMAL1 lies at the heart of this process. In addition to regulating PER and CRY, CLOCK:BMAL1 regulates the transcription of ''Rev-erbα'', which is a nuclear hormone receptor).<sup>2</sup> ''Rev-erbα'' once transcribed, inhibits the transcription of BMAL1. |
| - | In addition to regulating | + | CLOCK:BMAL1 contains two necessary domain structures to facilitate its function in the cell, as well as sites for phosphorylation, acetylation, O-glycosylation and sumoylation, which serve a variety of purposes for the protein. |
== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
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1. Menet JS, Pescatore S, Rosbash M. CLOCK:BMAL1 is a pioneer-like transcription factor. Genes Dev. 2014;28(1):8–13. doi:10.1101/gad.228536.113 | 1. Menet JS, Pescatore S, Rosbash M. CLOCK:BMAL1 is a pioneer-like transcription factor. Genes Dev. 2014;28(1):8–13. doi:10.1101/gad.228536.113 | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
| + | 2. Takahashi JS, Hong HK, Ko CH, McDearmon EL. The genetics of mammalian circadian order and disorder: implications for physiology and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2008;9(10):764–775. doi:10.1038/nrg2430 | ||
| + | 3. 1. Li S, Wang M, Ao X, et al. CLOCK is a substrate of SUMO and sumoylation of CLOCK upregulates the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor-α. Oncogene. 2013;32(41):4883-4891. doi:10.1038/onc.2012.518 | ||
Revision as of 18:30, 26 April 2020
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References
1. Menet JS, Pescatore S, Rosbash M. CLOCK:BMAL1 is a pioneer-like transcription factor. Genes Dev. 2014;28(1):8–13. doi:10.1101/gad.228536.113
2. Takahashi JS, Hong HK, Ko CH, McDearmon EL. The genetics of mammalian circadian order and disorder: implications for physiology and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2008;9(10):764–775. doi:10.1038/nrg2430 3. 1. Li S, Wang M, Ao X, et al. CLOCK is a substrate of SUMO and sumoylation of CLOCK upregulates the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor-α. Oncogene. 2013;32(41):4883-4891. doi:10.1038/onc.2012.518
