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5gtp

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Revision as of 06:43, 20 May 2020

The agonist-free structure of human PPARgamma ligand binding domain in the presence of the SRC-1 coactivator peptide

Structural highlights

5gtp is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:	,
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

[PPARG_HUMAN] Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer. Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:601665]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.^[1] Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:604367]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.^[2] ^[3] Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:137800]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.

Function

[PPARG_HUMAN] Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.^[4] ^[5] ^[6]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. It functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor and plays important roles in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammation. Many PPARgamma agonists bind to the canonical ligand-binding pocket near the activation function-2 (AF-2) helix (i.e., helix H12) of the ligand-binding domain (LBD). More recently, an alternate ligand-binding site was identified in PPARgamma LBD; it is located beside the Omega loop between the helices H2' and H3. We reported previously that the chirality of two optimized enantiomeric PPARgamma ligands (S35 and R35) differentiates their PPARgamma transcriptional activity, binding affinity, and inhibitory activity toward Cdk5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5)-mediated phosphorylation of PPARgamma at Ser245 (in PPARgamma1 numbering; Ser273 in PPARgamma2 numbering). S35 is a PPARgamma phosphorylation inhibitor with promising glucose uptake potential, whereas R35 behaves as a potent conventional PPARgamma agonist. To provide a structural basis for understanding the differential activities of these enantiomeric ligands, we have determined crystal structures of the PPARgamma LBD in complex with either S35 or R35. S35 and R35 bind to the PPARgamma LBD in significantly different manners. The partial agonist S35 occupies the alternate site near the Omega loop, whereas the full agonist R35 binds entirely to the canonical LBP. Alternate site binding of S35 affects the PPARgamma transactivation and the inhibitory effect on PPARgamma Ser245 phosphorylation. This study provides a useful platform for the development of a new generation of PPARgamma ligands as anti-diabetic drug candidates.

Structural basis for differential activities of enantiomeric PPARgamma agonists: Binding of S35 to the alternate site.,Jang JY, Koh M, Bae H, An DR, Im HN, Kim HS, Yoon JY, Yoon HJ, Han BW, Park SB, Suh SW Biochim Biophys Acta. 2017 Jun;1865(6):674-681. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Mar 22. PMID:28342850^[7]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Ristow M, Muller-Wieland D, Pfeiffer A, Krone W, Kahn CR. Obesity associated with a mutation in a genetic regulator of adipocyte differentiation. N Engl J Med. 1998 Oct 1;339(14):953-9. PMID:9753710 doi:10.1056/NEJM199810013391403
↑ Hegele RA, Cao H, Frankowski C, Mathews ST, Leff T. PPARG F388L, a transactivation-deficient mutant, in familial partial lipodystrophy. Diabetes. 2002 Dec;51(12):3586-90. PMID:12453919
↑ Agarwal AK, Garg A. A novel heterozygous mutation in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma gene in a patient with familial partial lipodystrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jan;87(1):408-11. PMID:11788685
↑ Mukherjee R, Jow L, Croston GE, Paterniti JR Jr. Identification, characterization, and tissue distribution of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms PPARgamma2 versus PPARgamma1 and activation with retinoid X receptor agonists and antagonists. J Biol Chem. 1997 Mar 21;272(12):8071-6. PMID:9065481
↑ Yin Y, Yuan H, Wang C, Pattabiraman N, Rao M, Pestell RG, Glazer RI. 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 activates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and promotes adipocyte differentiation. Mol Endocrinol. 2006 Feb;20(2):268-78. Epub 2005 Sep 8. PMID:16150867 doi:10.1210/me.2005-0197
↑ Park SH, Choi HJ, Yang H, Do KH, Kim J, Lee DW, Moon Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-activated C/EBP homologous protein enhances nuclear factor-kappaB signals via repression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. J Biol Chem. 2010 Nov 12;285(46):35330-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.136259. Epub 2010, Sep 9. PMID:20829347 doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.136259
↑ Jang JY, Koh M, Bae H, An DR, Im HN, Kim HS, Yoon JY, Yoon HJ, Han BW, Park SB, Suh SW. Structural basis for differential activities of enantiomeric PPARgamma agonists: Binding of S35 to the alternate site. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2017 Jun;1865(6):674-681. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Mar 22. PMID:28342850 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.03.008

1 Structural highlights
2 Disease
3 Function
4 Publication Abstract from PubMed
5 See Also
6 References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/5gtp"

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==The agonist-free structure of human PPARgamma ligand binding domain in the presence of the SRC-1 coactivator peptide==
-<StructureSection load='5gtp' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5gtp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.35&Aring;' scene=''>
+<StructureSection load='5gtp' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5gtp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.35&Aring;' scene=''>
 == Structural highlights ==
-<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5gtp]] is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5GTP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5GTP FirstGlance]. <br>
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5gtp]] is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5GTP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5GTP FirstGlance]. <br>
-</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MYR:MYRISTIC+ACID'>MYR</scene></td></tr>
+</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MYR:MYRISTIC+ACID'>MYR</scene></td></tr>
-<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5gtp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5gtp OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5gtp PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5gtp RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5gtp PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5gtp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5gtp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5gtp OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5gtp PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5gtp RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5gtp PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5gtp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
 </table>
 == Disease ==
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 </div>
 <div class="pdbe-citations 5gtp" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
+==See Also==
+*[[Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 3D structures|Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 3D structures]]
 == References ==
 <references/>
 __TOC__
 </StructureSection>
+[[Category: Large Structures]]
 [[Category: Jang, J Y]]
 [[Category: Suh, S W]]

5gtp

From Proteopedia

Revision as of 06:43, 20 May 2020

The agonist-free structure of human PPARgamma ligand binding domain in the presence of the SRC-1 coactivator peptide

Structural highlights

Disease

Function

Publication Abstract from PubMed

See Also

References

Contents

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

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