| Structural highlights
6lkn is a 8 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Ligands: | , , , |
| NonStd Res: | |
| Gene: | ATP11C, ATPIG, ATPIQ (HUMAN), TMEM30A, C6orf67, CDC50A (HUMAN) |
| Activity: | P-type phospholipid transporter, with EC number 7.6.2.1 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Disease
[AT11C_HUMAN] The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Function
[AT11C_HUMAN] Catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. In the cell membrane of erythrocytes, it is required to maintain phosphatidylserine (PS) in the inner leaflet preventing its exposure on the surface. This asymmetric distribution is critical for the survival of erythrocytes in circulation since externalized PS is a phagocytic signal for splenic macrophages (PubMed:26944472). Phospholipid translocation seems also to be implicated in vesicle formation and in uptake of lipid signaling molecules (By similarity). Required for B cell differentiation past the pro-B cell stage (By similarity). Seems to mediate PS flipping in pro-B cells (By similarity). May be involved in the transport of cholestatic bile acids (By similarity).[UniProtKB:Q9QZW0][1] [CC50A_HUMAN] Accessory component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. Phospholipid translocation seems also to be implicated in vesicle formation and in uptake of lipid signaling molecules. The beta subunit may assist in binding of the phospholipid substrate. Required for the proper folding, assembly and ER to Golgi exit of the ATP8A2:TMEM30A flippase complex. ATP8A2:TMEM30A may be involved in regulation of neurite outgrowth, and, reconstituted to liposomes, predomiminantly transports phosphatidylserine (PS) and to a lesser extent phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The ATP8A1:TMEM30A flippase complex seems to play a role in regulation of cell migration probably involving flippase-mediated translocation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) at the plasma membrane. Required for the formation of the ATP8A2, ATP8B1 and ATP8B2 P-type ATPAse intermediate phosphoenzymes. Involved in uptake of platelet-activating factor (PAF), synthetic drug alkylphospholipid edelfosine, and, probably in association with ATP8B1, of perifosine. Also mediate the export of alpha subunits ATP8A1, ATP8B1, ATP8B2, ATP8B4, ATP10A, ATP10B, ATP10D, ATP11A, ATP11B and ATP11C from the ER to other membrane localizations.[2] [3] [4] [5]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
ATP11C, a member of the P4-ATPase flippase, translocates phosphatidylserine from the outer to the inner plasma membrane leaflet, and maintains the asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine in the living cell. We present the crystal structures of a human plasma membrane flippase, ATP11C-CDC50A complex, in a stabilized E2P conformation. The structure revealed a deep longitudinal crevice along transmembrane helices continuing from the cell surface to the phospholipid occlusion site in the middle of the membrane. We observed that the extension of the crevice on the exoplasmic side is open, and the complex is therefore in an outward-open E2P state, similar to a recently reported cryo-EM structure of yeast flippase Drs2p-Cdc50p complex. We noted extra densities, most likely bound phosphatidylserines, in the crevice and in its extension to the extracellular side. One was close to the phosphatidylserine occlusion site as previously reported for the human ATP8A1-CDC50A complex, and the other in a cavity at the surface of the exoplasmic leaflet of the bilayer. Substitutions in either of the binding sites or along the path between them impaired specific ATPase and transport activities. These results provide evidence that the observed crevice is the conduit along which phosphatidylserine traverses from the outer leaflet to its occlusion site in the membrane and suggest that the exoplasmic cavity is important for phospholipid recognition. They also yield insights into how phosphatidylserine is incorporated from the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane into the transmembrane.
Crystal structure of a human plasma membrane phospholipid flippase.,Nakanishi H, Irie K, Segawa K, Hasegawa K, Fujiyoshi Y, Nagata S, Abe K J Biol Chem. 2020 Jun 3. pii: RA120.014144. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.014144. PMID:32493773[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Arashiki N, Takakuwa Y, Mohandas N, Hale J, Yoshida K, Ogura H, Utsugisawa T, Ohga S, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Kojima S, Kanno H. ATP11C is a major flippase in human erythrocytes and its defect causes congenital hemolytic anemia. Haematologica. 2016 May;101(5):559-65. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2016.142273. Epub, 2016 Mar 4. PMID:26944472 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2016.142273
- ↑ Munoz-Martinez F, Torres C, Castanys S, Gamarro F. CDC50A plays a key role in the uptake of the anticancer drug perifosine in human carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Sep 15;80(6):793-800. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.05.017., Epub 2010 May 25. PMID:20510206 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2010.05.017
- ↑ van der Velden LM, Wichers CG, van Breevoort AE, Coleman JA, Molday RS, Berger R, Klomp LW, van de Graaf SF. Heteromeric interactions required for abundance and subcellular localization of human CDC50 proteins and class 1 P4-ATPases. J Biol Chem. 2010 Dec 17;285(51):40088-96. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.139006. Epub, 2010 Oct 14. PMID:20947505 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.139006
- ↑ Bryde S, Hennrich H, Verhulst PM, Devaux PF, Lenoir G, Holthuis JC. CDC50 proteins are critical components of the human class-1 P4-ATPase transport machinery. J Biol Chem. 2010 Dec 24;285(52):40562-72. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.139543. Epub, 2010 Oct 20. PMID:20961850 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.139543
- ↑ Chen R, Brady E, McIntyre TM. Human TMEM30a promotes uptake of antitumor and bioactive choline phospholipids into mammalian cells. J Immunol. 2011 Mar 1;186(5):3215-25. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002710. Epub 2011, Feb 2. PMID:21289302 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1002710
- ↑ Nakanishi H, Irie K, Segawa K, Hasegawa K, Fujiyoshi Y, Nagata S, Abe K. Crystal structure of a human plasma membrane phospholipid flippase. J Biol Chem. 2020 Jun 3. pii: RA120.014144. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.014144. PMID:32493773 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.014144
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