5l8h

Structural highlights

Function

[UBP46_HUMAN] Deubiquitinating enzyme that plays a role in behavior, possibly by regulating GABA action. May act by mediating the deubiquitination of GAD1/GAD67. Has almost no deubiquitinating activity by itself and requires the interaction with WDR48 to have a high activity. Not involved in deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated FANCD2.^[1] [UBB_HUMAN] Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in lysosomal degradation; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, DNA-damage responses as well as in signaling processes leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling.^{[2] [3]}

See Also

• Thioesterase 3D structures
• Ubiquitin

References

1. ↑ Cohn MA, Kee Y, Haas W, Gygi SP, D'Andrea AD. UAF1 is a subunit of multiple deubiquitinating enzyme complexes. J Biol Chem. 2009 Feb 20;284(8):5343-51. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M808430200. Epub 2008, Dec 15. PMID:19075014 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M808430200
2. ↑ Huang F, Kirkpatrick D, Jiang X, Gygi S, Sorkin A. Differential regulation of EGF receptor internalization and degradation by multiubiquitination within the kinase domain. Mol Cell. 2006 Mar 17;21(6):737-48. PMID:16543144 doi:S1097-2765(06)00120-1
3. ↑ Komander D. The emerging complexity of protein ubiquitination. Biochem Soc Trans. 2009 Oct;37(Pt 5):937-53. doi: 10.1042/BST0370937. PMID:19754430 doi:10.1042/BST0370937
4. ↑ Dharadhar S, Clerici M, van Dijk WJ, Fish A, Sixma TK. A conserved two-step binding for the UAF1 regulator to the USP12 deubiquitinating enzyme. J Struct Biol. 2016 Sep 17. pii: S1047-8477(16)30200-3. doi:, 10.1016/j.jsb.2016.09.011. PMID:27650958 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2016.09.011