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Publication Abstract from PubMed

L-2-Keto-3-deoxyarabinonate (L-KDA) dehydratase (AraD) catalyzes the hydration of L-KDA to alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde in the non-phosphorylative L-arabinose pathway from bacteria, and belongs to the dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS)/N-acetylneuraminate lyase (NAL) protein superfamily. All members of this superfamily, including several aldolases for L-KDA, share a common catalytic mechanism of retro-aldol fission, in which a lysine residue forms a Schiff base with the carbonyl C2 of the substrate, followed by proton abstraction of the substrate by a tyrosine residue as the base catalyst. Only AraD possesses a glutamine residue instead of this active site tyrosine, suggesting its involvement in catalysis. We herein determined the crystal structures of AraD from the nitrogen-fixing bacterium, Azospirillum brasilense, and in complex with beta-hydroxypyruvate and 2-oxobutyrate, two substrate analogues, at resolutions of 1.9, 1.6, and 2.2 A, respectively. In both of the complexed structures, the epsilon-nitrogen of the conserved Lys171 was covalently linked to the carbonyl C2 of the ligand, which was consistent with the Schiff base intermediate form, similar to other DHDPS/NAL members. A site-directed mutagenic study revealed that Glu173 and Glu200 played important roles as base catalysts, whereas Gln143 was not absolutely essential. The abstraction of one of the C3 protons of the substrate (but not the O4 hydroxyl) by Glu173 was similar to that by the (conserved) tyrosine residues in the two DHDPS/NAL members that produce alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde (D-5-keto-4-deoxygalactarate dehydratase and Delta(1)-pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate deaminase), indicating that these enzymes evolved convergently despite similarities in the overall reaction.

Biochemical and structural characterization of L-2-keto-3-deoxyarabinonate dehydratase: A unique catalytic mechanism in the Class I aldolase protein superfamily.,Watanabe S, Watanabe Y, Nobuchi R, Ono A Biochemistry. 2020 Jul 22. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00515. PMID:32697085^[2]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.