Sandbox GGC4
From Proteopedia
(Difference between revisions)
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
Apolipoprotein A-I is a protein APOA1 gene in humans that is a component of HDL, which a form of good cholesterol in human's diet, used in the transport of cholesterol and phospholipids in the body through the bloodstream in the reverse transport of cholesterol from the tissues to the liver of hepatocytes. They promote cholesterol efflux, a pathway in transferring intracellular cholesterol to extracellular acceptors, from tissues and act as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).<ref>Yano, K., Ohkawa, R., Sato, M., Yoshimoto, A., Ichimura, N., Kameda, T., . . . Tozuka, M. (2016, November 09). Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jl/2016/9891316/</ref> | Apolipoprotein A-I is a protein APOA1 gene in humans that is a component of HDL, which a form of good cholesterol in human's diet, used in the transport of cholesterol and phospholipids in the body through the bloodstream in the reverse transport of cholesterol from the tissues to the liver of hepatocytes. They promote cholesterol efflux, a pathway in transferring intracellular cholesterol to extracellular acceptors, from tissues and act as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).<ref>Yano, K., Ohkawa, R., Sato, M., Yoshimoto, A., Ichimura, N., Kameda, T., . . . Tozuka, M. (2016, November 09). Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jl/2016/9891316/</ref> | ||
== Clinical significance == | == Clinical significance == | ||
| - | Apolipoprotein A-1 is found to be as an indicator for cardiovascular disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Since APOA1 is a component of HDL associated with good form of cholesterol, when ABOAB (apolipoprotein B) a component of LDL, a form of bad cholesterol levels are elevated in blood can signal as a risk factor for development in hardening of arterial walls. <ref> Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum</ref> | + | Apolipoprotein A-1 is found to be as an indicator for cardiovascular disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Since APOA1 is a component of HDL associated with good form of cholesterol, when ABOAB (apolipoprotein B) a component of LDL, a form of bad cholesterol levels are elevated in blood can signal as a risk factor for development in hardening of arterial walls and blockage. <ref> Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum</ref> High-density lipoprotein complex is important in the clearing of fats through absorption of cholesterol that is transported into the liver where it is synthesized into bile salts or excreted.<ref> LDL & HDL: Good & Bad Cholesterol. (2020, January 31). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/ldl_hdl.htm</ref><ref>Cohen, D. (2008, April). Balancing cholesterol synthesis and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2390860/</ref> |
| - | == | + | |
| + | == Diseases == | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
| Line 26: | Line 27: | ||
4. Yano, K., Ohkawa, R., Sato, M., Yoshimoto, A., Ichimura, N., Kameda, T., . . . Tozuka, M. (2016, November 09). Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jl/2016/9891316/<references/> | 4. Yano, K., Ohkawa, R., Sato, M., Yoshimoto, A., Ichimura, N., Kameda, T., . . . Tozuka, M. (2016, November 09). Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jl/2016/9891316/<references/> | ||
| - | 5. Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum <references/> | + | 5. Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum<references/> |
| + | |||
| + | 6. LDL & HDL: Good & Bad Cholesterol. (2020, January 31). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/ldl_hdl.htm<references/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | 7. Cohen, D. (2008, April). Balancing cholesterol synthesis and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2390860/<references/> | ||
Revision as of 19:37, 14 November 2020
Apolipoprotein A-I
Structure
| |||||||||||
References
1. Voet, D., Voet, J. G., & Pratt, C. W. (2016). Fundamentals of Biochemistry (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.- ↑ Voet, D., Voet, J. G., & Pratt, C. W. (2016). Fundamentals of Biochemistry (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
- ↑ APOA1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics. (2020, August 18). Retrieved October 26, 2020, from https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/apoa1/
- ↑ Yano, K., Ohkawa, R., Sato, M., Yoshimoto, A., Ichimura, N., Kameda, T., . . . Tozuka, M. (2016, November 09). Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jl/2016/9891316/
- ↑ Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum
- ↑ LDL & HDL: Good & Bad Cholesterol. (2020, January 31). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/ldl_hdl.htm
- ↑ Cohen, D. (2008, April). Balancing cholesterol synthesis and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2390860/
2. APOA1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics. (2020, August 18). Retrieved October 26, 2020, from https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/apoa1/
3. Mangaraj, M., Nanda, R., & Panda, S. (2016, July). Apolipoprotein A-I: A Molecule of Diverse Function. Retrieved November 04, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4910842
4. Yano, K., Ohkawa, R., Sato, M., Yoshimoto, A., Ichimura, N., Kameda, T., . . . Tozuka, M. (2016, November 09). Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jl/2016/9891316/
5. Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from Test ID: APOAB Apolipoprotein A1 and B, Serum
6. LDL & HDL: Good & Bad Cholesterol. (2020, January 31). Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/ldl_hdl.htm
7. Cohen, D. (2008, April). Balancing cholesterol synthesis and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2390860/
