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Publication Abstract from PubMed

As an alternative pathway of controlled cell death, necroptosis can be triggered by tumor necrosis factor via the kinases RIPK1/RIPK3 and the effector protein mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Upon activation, MLKL oligomerizes and integrates into the plasma membrane via its executioner domain. Here, we present the X-ray and NMR costructures of the human MLKL executioner domain covalently bound via Cys86 to a xanthine class inhibitor. The structures reveal that the compound stabilizes the interaction between the auto-inhibitory brace helix alpha6 and the four-helix bundle by stacking to Phe148. An NMR-based functional assay observing the conformation of this helix showed that the F148A mutant is unresponsive to the compound, providing further evidence for the importance of this interaction. Real-time and diffusion NMR studies demonstrate that xanthine derivatives inhibit MLKL oligomerization. Finally, we show that the other well-known MLKL inhibitor Necrosulfonamide, which also covalently modifies Cys86, must employ a different mode of action.

Locking mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein in its auto-inhibited state prevents necroptosis.,Rubbelke M, Fiegen D, Bauer M, Binder F, Hamilton J, King J, Thamm S, Nar H, Zeeb M Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Dec 14. pii: 2017406117. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.2017406117. PMID:33318170^[2]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.