Sandbox GGC4
From Proteopedia
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
| - | HIV-1 Aspartyl Proteases are homo-dimeric proteolytic enzymes, also known as endopeptidases that allow water molecules to act as nucleophiles during catalysis when activated by 2 aspartic acid residues that make up the <scene name='75/752268/ | + | HIV-1 Aspartyl Proteases are homo-dimeric proteolytic enzymes, also known as endopeptidases that allow water molecules to act as nucleophiles during catalysis when activated by 2 aspartic acid residues that make up the <scene name='75/752268/Active_site_without_inhibitor/1'>active site</scene>. Usually, the active site consists of a triad (ASP-THR-GLY) on each monomer with the catalytic residue being D25. |
Aspartyl Protease cleaves the Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins that encode for other structural proteins and enzymes crucial for viral maturation. Hence, HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors have been developed to inhibit the viral protease enzyme to prevent the production and release of mature, infectious HIV virions. Here is how an inhibitor binds to the protease to form a <scene name='75/752268/Protease-inhibitor_complex/1'>protease-inhibitor complex | Aspartyl Protease cleaves the Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins that encode for other structural proteins and enzymes crucial for viral maturation. Hence, HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors have been developed to inhibit the viral protease enzyme to prevent the production and release of mature, infectious HIV virions. Here is how an inhibitor binds to the protease to form a <scene name='75/752268/Protease-inhibitor_complex/1'>protease-inhibitor complex | ||
Revision as of 23:08, 27 April 2021
HIV-1 Protease
An infection of the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus can cause Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV attacks the CD4 T cells that are an essential part of the cell-mediated immune response, without which the immune system cannot fight against other infections or cancers, causing AIDS. There are currently 37 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS, with approximately 1 million new cases each year along with approximately 1 million deaths a year.
Antiretroviral Therapy is one of the HIV treatments that is most effective as the combinations of different medicines reduce the viral load to become undetectable and non-transmissible and also allows the immune system to recuperate and increase the CD4 count. Protease Inhibitors are one of the FDA approved medicines that target the viral Aspartyl Protease to prevent the HIV from making more copies of itself.
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References
- ↑ Hanson, R. M., Prilusky, J., Renjian, Z., Nakane, T. and Sussman, J. L. (2013), JSmol and the Next-Generation Web-Based Representation of 3D Molecular Structure as Applied to Proteopedia. Isr. J. Chem., 53:207-216. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201300024
- ↑ Herraez A. Biomolecules in the computer: Jmol to the rescue. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2006 Jul;34(4):255-61. doi: 10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644. PMID:21638687 doi:10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644
