Enzyme-linked receptor
From Proteopedia
(Difference between revisions)
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
==Bone morphogenetic protein receptors== | ==Bone morphogenetic protein receptors== | ||
*[[Student Projects for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2012-4|Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 and receptor]] | *[[Student Projects for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2012-4|Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 and receptor]] | ||
| + | <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_429/Alec_bmp_alone/1'>Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7</scene> (BMP-7) is a protein that is involved in a variety of aspects of embryonic and adult development. Some of the areas it is involved in are neural tissue induction, the formation of bones and joints in the skeletal system, and neurogenesis in the adult brain. It regulated through the binding of different antagonists, such as Noggin, forming <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_429/Alec_noggin_complex/2'>this complex</scene> that shows the two separate components of the complex. | ||
| + | Neural induction is the process by which the undifferentiated ectoderm layer of the embryo are signaled to form neuro-ectoderm cells by the mesoderm. These differentiated cells will become neural cells. Only some of the cells are signaled to differentiate in this way, and the rest become the epidermis. | ||
| + | In bone formation, first a flexible membrane is formed in the embryo that develops into cartilage. As the embryo develops, signaling through proteins in the BMP family including BMP-7 causing ossification to occur, which is the process of forming bone, replacing the cartilage membranes. This can be seen in the development of the skull. BMP can also signal for cartilage to transform to bone, which is how much of the rest of the skeleton develops. | ||
| + | One of the most important aspects of BMP-7 is its role in neurogenesis in the adult brain. Neurogenesis is the process by which new neurons are created in the adult brain. Initially it was thought that proteins in the BMP family would inhibit neurogenesis unless deactivated by the antagonist, Noggin. But when the levels of neurogenesis were examined with the over expression and signalling of BMP, there was no inhibition of the creation of neurons. In fact further research has shown that BMP-mediated signalling is required to allow neurogenesis in adults.[i] | ||
| + | Because BMP’s are crucial in much of the development and upkeep of many organs and systems, there are many disease that can arise or be affected by dysfunctional BMP genes and proteins. The incorrect implementation of BMP-7 during development can result in issues with skeletal and neural development. BMP-7 can also have impacts after the initial fetal development. Research has linked a lack of BMP-7 signalling to the progression of gastrointestinal cancers, particularly colon and esophageal cancer. | ||
=Toll-like Receptors= | =Toll-like Receptors= | ||
*[[Toll-like Receptors]] | *[[Toll-like Receptors]] | ||
Revision as of 11:16, 10 May 2021
| |||||||||||
References and Notes
- ↑ Mohedas AH, Wang Y, Sanvitale CE, Canning P, Choi S, Xing X, Bullock AN, Cuny GD, Yu PB. Structure-activity relationship of 3,5-diaryl-2-aminopyridine ALK2 inhibitors reveals unaltered binding affinity for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva causing mutants. J Med Chem. 2014 Oct 9;57(19):7900-15. doi: 10.1021/jm501177w. Epub 2014 Sep 4. PMID:25101911 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm501177w
- ↑ Chen H, Kong Y, Chen J, Li L, Li X, Yu F, Ming Z. Crystal structure of the extracellular domain of the receptor-like kinase TMK3 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun. 2020 Aug 1;76(Pt 8):384-390. doi:, 10.1107/S2053230X20010122. Epub 2020 Jul 29. PMID:32744250 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S2053230X20010122
