6xlu

From Proteopedia

(Difference between revisions)

Revision as of 16:52, 15 December 2021

Structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.0

Structural highlights

6xlu is a 3 chain structure with sequence from 2019-ncov. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:
Gene:	S, 2 (2019-nCoV)
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

[SPIKE_SARS2] attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection (By similarity). Binding to human ACE2 receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell induces conformational changes in the Spike glycoprotein (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32155444). Uses also human TMPRSS2 for priming in human lung cells which is an essential step for viral entry (PubMed:32142651). Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]^[1] ^[2] ^[3] mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by acting as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099] Acts as a viral fusion peptide which is unmasked following S2 cleavage occurring upon virus endocytosis.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

The SARS-CoV-2 spike employs mobile receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to engage the human ACE2 receptor and to facilitate virus entry, which can occur through low-pH-endosomal pathways. To understand how ACE2 binding and low pH affect spike conformation, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structures-at serological and endosomal pH-delineating spike recognition of up to three ACE2 molecules. RBDs freely adopted "up" conformations required for ACE2 interaction, primarily through RBD movement combined with smaller alterations in neighboring domains. In the absence of ACE2, single-RBD-up conformations dominated at pH 5.5, resolving into a solitary all-down conformation at lower pH. Notably, a pH-dependent refolding region (residues 824-858) at the spike-interdomain interface displayed dramatic structural rearrangements and mediated RBD positioning through coordinated movements of the entire trimer apex. These structures provide a foundation for understanding prefusion-spike mechanics governing endosomal entry; we suggest that the low pH all-down conformation potentially facilitates immune evasion from RBD-up binding antibody.

Cryo-EM Structures of SARS-CoV-2 Spike without and with ACE2 Reveal a pH-Dependent Switch to Mediate Endosomal Positioning of Receptor-Binding Domains.,Zhou T, Tsybovsky Y, Gorman J, Rapp M, Cerutti G, Chuang GY, Katsamba PS, Sampson JM, Schon A, Bimela J, Boyington JC, Nazzari A, Olia AS, Shi W, Sastry M, Stephens T, Stuckey J, Teng IT, Wang P, Wang S, Zhang B, Friesner RA, Ho DD, Mascola JR, Shapiro L, Kwong PD Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):867-879.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.004. , Epub 2020 Nov 17. PMID:33271067^[4]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, Goldsmith JA, Hsieh CL, Abiona O, Graham BS, McLellan JS. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Science. 2020 Feb 19. pii: science.abb2507. doi: 10.1126/science.abb2507. PMID:32075877 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb2507
↑ Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, Kruger N, Herrler T, Erichsen S, Schiergens TS, Herrler G, Wu NH, Nitsche A, Muller MA, Drosten C, Pohlmann S. SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor. Cell. 2020 Apr 16;181(2):271-280.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052. Epub 2020, Mar 5. PMID:32142651 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052
↑ Walls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Wall A, McGuire AT, Veesler D. Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein. Cell. 2020 Mar 6. pii: S0092-8674(20)30262-2. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058. PMID:32155444 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058
↑ Zhou T, Tsybovsky Y, Gorman J, Rapp M, Cerutti G, Chuang GY, Katsamba PS, Sampson JM, Schon A, Bimela J, Boyington JC, Nazzari A, Olia AS, Shi W, Sastry M, Stephens T, Stuckey J, Teng IT, Wang P, Wang S, Zhang B, Friesner RA, Ho DD, Mascola JR, Shapiro L, Kwong PD. Cryo-EM Structures of SARS-CoV-2 Spike without and with ACE2 Reveal a pH-Dependent Switch to Mediate Endosomal Positioning of Receptor-Binding Domains. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):867-879.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.004. , Epub 2020 Nov 17. PMID:33271067 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.004

1 Structural highlights
2 Function
3 Publication Abstract from PubMed
4 References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/6xlu"

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.0==
-<StructureSection load='6xlu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6xlu]]' scene=''>
+<StructureSection load='6xlu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6xlu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.40&Aring;' scene=''>
 == Structural highlights ==
-<table><tr><td colspan='2'>Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6XLU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6XLU FirstGlance]. <br>
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6xlu]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019-ncov 2019-ncov]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6XLU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6XLU FirstGlance]. <br>
-</td></tr><tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6xlu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6xlu OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6xlu PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6xlu RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6xlu PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6xlu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
+</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
+<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">S, 2 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=2697049 2019-nCoV])</td></tr>
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6xlu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6xlu OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6xlu PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6xlu RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6xlu PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6xlu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
 </table>
+== Function ==
+[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SPIKE_SARS2 SPIKE_SARS2]] attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection (By similarity). Binding to human ACE2 receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell induces conformational changes in the Spike glycoprotein (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32155444). Uses also human TMPRSS2 for priming in human lung cells which is an essential step for viral entry (PubMed:32142651). Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]<ref>PMID:32075877</ref> <ref>PMID:32142651</ref> <ref>PMID:32155444</ref>   mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by acting as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]  Acts as a viral fusion peptide which is unmasked following S2 cleavage occurring upon virus endocytosis.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]
+<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
+== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
+The SARS-CoV-2 spike employs mobile receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to engage the human ACE2 receptor and to facilitate virus entry, which can occur through low-pH-endosomal pathways. To understand how ACE2 binding and low pH affect spike conformation, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structures-at serological and endosomal pH-delineating spike recognition of up to three ACE2 molecules. RBDs freely adopted "up" conformations required for ACE2 interaction, primarily through RBD movement combined with smaller alterations in neighboring domains. In the absence of ACE2, single-RBD-up conformations dominated at pH 5.5, resolving into a solitary all-down conformation at lower pH. Notably, a pH-dependent refolding region (residues 824-858) at the spike-interdomain interface displayed dramatic structural rearrangements and mediated RBD positioning through coordinated movements of the entire trimer apex. These structures provide a foundation for understanding prefusion-spike mechanics governing endosomal entry; we suggest that the low pH all-down conformation potentially facilitates immune evasion from RBD-up binding antibody.
+Cryo-EM Structures of SARS-CoV-2 Spike without and with ACE2 Reveal a pH-Dependent Switch to Mediate Endosomal Positioning of Receptor-Binding Domains.,Zhou T, Tsybovsky Y, Gorman J, Rapp M, Cerutti G, Chuang GY, Katsamba PS, Sampson JM, Schon A, Bimela J, Boyington JC, Nazzari A, Olia AS, Shi W, Sastry M, Stephens T, Stuckey J, Teng IT, Wang P, Wang S, Zhang B, Friesner RA, Ho DD, Mascola JR, Shapiro L, Kwong PD Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):867-879.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.004. , Epub 2020 Nov 17. PMID:33271067<ref>PMID:33271067</ref>
+From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
+</div>
+<div class="pdbe-citations 6xlu" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
+== References ==
+<references/>
 __TOC__
 </StructureSection>
+[[Category: 2019-ncov]]
 [[Category: Large Structures]]
-[[Category: Kwong PD]]
+[[Category: Kwong, P D]]
-[[Category: Olia A]]
+[[Category: Olia, A]]
-[[Category: Tsybovsky Y]]
+[[Category: Tsybovsky, Y]]
-[[Category: Zhou T]]
+[[Category: Zhou, T]]
+[[Category: Sars-cov-2 spike covid19]]
+[[Category: Viral protein]]

6xlu

From Proteopedia

Revision as of 16:52, 15 December 2021

Structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike at pH 4.0

Structural highlights

Function

Publication Abstract from PubMed

References

Contents

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Views

Personal tools

Navigation

Search

Toolbox