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Structural highlights

Function

M2_I54A2 Forms a proton-selective ion channel that is necessary for the efficient release of the viral genome during virus entry. After attaching to the cell surface, the virion enters the cell by endocytosis. Acidification of the endosome triggers M2 ion channel activity. The influx of protons into virion interior is believed to disrupt interactions between the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP), matrix protein 1 (M1), and lipid bilayers, thereby freeing the viral genome from interaction with viral proteins and enabling RNA segments to migrate to the host cell nucleus, where influenza virus RNA transcription and replication occur. Also plays a role in viral proteins secretory pathway. Elevates the intravesicular pH of normally acidic compartments, such as trans-Golgi network, preventing newly formed hemagglutinin from premature switching to the fusion-active conformation.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04069]HBEAG_HBVD3 May regulate immune response to the intracellular capsid in acting as a T-cell tolerogen, by having an immunoregulatory effect which prevents destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T-cells. This immune regulation may predispose to chronicity during perinatal infections and prevent severe liver injury during adult infections.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04076]Q9E0P3_HBV

References

1. ↑ Egorov VV, Shvetsov AV, Pichkur EB, Shaldzhyan AA, Zabrodskaya YA, Vinogradova DS, Nekrasov PA, Gorshkov AN, Garmay YP, Kovaleva AA, Stepanova LA, Tsybalova LM, Shtam TA, Myasnikov AG, Konevega AL. Inside and outside of virus-like particles HBc and HBc/4M2e: A comprehensive study of the structure. Biophys Chem. 2022 Dec 5;293:106943. doi: 10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106943. PMID:36495688 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106943