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| | <StructureSection load='4ybg' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4ybg]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.60Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='4ybg' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4ybg]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.60Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4ybg]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drome Drome]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4YBG OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4YBG FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4ybg]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila_melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4YBG OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4YBG FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">mael, CG11254 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=7227 DROME])</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4ybg FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4ybg OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4ybg PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4ybg RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4ybg PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4ybg ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4ybg FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4ybg OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4ybg PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4ybg RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4ybg PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4ybg ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MAEL_DROME MAEL_DROME]] Involved both in the piRNA and miRNA metabolic processes. As a component of the meiotic nuage, plays a central role during oogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Repression of transposable elements is mediated via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the repression of transposons. As a nuclear component, it is required for proper differentiation in the germline stem cell (GSC) lineage by repressing microRNA-7 (miR-7), thereby acting as an indirect regulator of bag-of-marbles (Bam). Acts by binding to the promoter of miR-7 gene and repressing its expression; miR-7 repression alleviates the Bam repression by miR-7, thereby allowing differentiation in the germline stem cell (GSC) lineage. Indirectly required to position the microtubule organizing center in stage 2-6 oocytes.<ref>PMID:11277405</ref> <ref>PMID:12538514</ref> <ref>PMID:17428915</ref> <ref>PMID:19758565</ref> <ref>PMID:23159368</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MAEL_DROME MAEL_DROME] Involved both in the piRNA and miRNA metabolic processes. As a component of the meiotic nuage, plays a central role during oogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Repression of transposable elements is mediated via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the repression of transposons. As a nuclear component, it is required for proper differentiation in the germline stem cell (GSC) lineage by repressing microRNA-7 (miR-7), thereby acting as an indirect regulator of bag-of-marbles (Bam). Acts by binding to the promoter of miR-7 gene and repressing its expression; miR-7 repression alleviates the Bam repression by miR-7, thereby allowing differentiation in the germline stem cell (GSC) lineage. Indirectly required to position the microtubule organizing center in stage 2-6 oocytes.<ref>PMID:11277405</ref> <ref>PMID:12538514</ref> <ref>PMID:17428915</ref> <ref>PMID:19758565</ref> <ref>PMID:23159368</ref> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Drome]] | + | [[Category: Drosophila melanogaster]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Ishitani, R]] | + | [[Category: Ishitani R]] |
| - | [[Category: Matsumoto, N]] | + | [[Category: Matsumoto N]] |
| - | [[Category: Nishimasu, H]] | + | [[Category: Nishimasu H]] |
| - | [[Category: Nureki, O]] | + | [[Category: Nureki O]] |
| - | [[Category: Endoribonuclease]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Gene silencing]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ribonuclease h-like fold]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Transposon]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Zinc]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
MAEL_DROME Involved both in the piRNA and miRNA metabolic processes. As a component of the meiotic nuage, plays a central role during oogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Repression of transposable elements is mediated via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the repression of transposons. As a nuclear component, it is required for proper differentiation in the germline stem cell (GSC) lineage by repressing microRNA-7 (miR-7), thereby acting as an indirect regulator of bag-of-marbles (Bam). Acts by binding to the promoter of miR-7 gene and repressing its expression; miR-7 repression alleviates the Bam repression by miR-7, thereby allowing differentiation in the germline stem cell (GSC) lineage. Indirectly required to position the microtubule organizing center in stage 2-6 oocytes.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) protect the genome from transposons in animal gonads. Maelstrom (Mael) is an evolutionarily conserved protein, composed of a high-mobility group (HMG) domain and a MAEL domain, and is essential for piRNA-mediated transcriptional transposon silencing in various species, such as Drosophila and mice. However, its structure and biochemical function have remained elusive. Here, we report the crystal structure of the MAEL domain from Drosophila melanogaster Mael, at 1.6 A resolution. The structure reveals that the MAEL domain has an RNase H-like fold but lacks canonical catalytic residues conserved among RNase H-like superfamily nucleases. Our biochemical analyses reveal that the MAEL domain exhibits single-stranded RNA (ssRNA)-specific endonuclease activity. Our cell-based analyses further indicate that ssRNA cleavage activity appears dispensable for piRNA-mediated transcriptional transposon silencing in Drosophila. Our findings provide clues toward understanding the multiple roles of Mael in the piRNA pathway.
Crystal Structure and Activity of the Endoribonuclease Domain of the piRNA Pathway Factor Maelstrom.,Matsumoto N, Sato K, Nishimasu H, Namba Y, Miyakubi K, Dohmae N, Ishitani R, Siomi H, Siomi MC, Nureki O Cell Rep. 2015 Apr 21;11(3):366-75. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.03.030. Epub 2015 , Apr 9. PMID:25865890[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Clegg NJ, Findley SD, Mahowald AP, Ruohola-Baker H. Maelstrom is required to position the MTOC in stage 2-6 Drosophila oocytes. Dev Genes Evol. 2001 Jan;211(1):44-8. PMID:11277405
- ↑ Findley SD, Tamanaha M, Clegg NJ, Ruohola-Baker H. Maelstrom, a Drosophila spindle-class gene, encodes a protein that colocalizes with Vasa and RDE1/AGO1 homolog, Aubergine, in nuage. Development. 2003 Mar;130(5):859-71. PMID:12538514
- ↑ Lim AK, Kai T. Unique germ-line organelle, nuage, functions to repress selfish genetic elements in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Apr 17;104(16):6714-9. Epub 2007 Apr 11. PMID:17428915 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701920104
- ↑ Pek JW, Lim AK, Kai T. Drosophila maelstrom ensures proper germline stem cell lineage differentiation by repressing microRNA-7. Dev Cell. 2009 Sep;17(3):417-24. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.07.017. PMID:19758565 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2009.07.017
- ↑ Sienski G, Donertas D, Brennecke J. Transcriptional silencing of transposons by Piwi and maelstrom and its impact on chromatin state and gene expression. Cell. 2012 Nov 21;151(5):964-80. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.040. Epub 2012 Nov, 15. PMID:23159368 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.040
- ↑ Matsumoto N, Sato K, Nishimasu H, Namba Y, Miyakubi K, Dohmae N, Ishitani R, Siomi H, Siomi MC, Nureki O. Crystal Structure and Activity of the Endoribonuclease Domain of the piRNA Pathway Factor Maelstrom. Cell Rep. 2015 Apr 21;11(3):366-75. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.03.030. Epub 2015 , Apr 9. PMID:25865890 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.03.030
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