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| | <StructureSection load='2nvu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2nvu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='2nvu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2nvu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2nvu]] is a 5 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2NVU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2NVU FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2nvu]] is a 5 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2NVU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2NVU FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.8Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">APPBP1 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), UBE1C, UBA3 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), UBE2M, UBC12 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), NEDD8 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2nvu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2nvu OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2nvu PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2nvu RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2nvu PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2nvu ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2nvu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2nvu OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2nvu PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2nvu RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2nvu PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2nvu ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NEDD8_HUMAN NEDD8_HUMAN]] Ubiquitin-like protein which plays an important role in cell cycle control and embryogenesis. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex UBE1C-APPBP1 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2M. Attachment of NEDD8 to cullins activates their associated E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and thus promotes polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of cyclins and other regulatory proteins.<ref>PMID:10318914</ref> <ref>PMID:10597293</ref> <ref>PMID:11953428</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ULA1_HUMAN ULA1_HUMAN]] Regulatory subunit of the dimeric UBA3-NAE1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a NEDD8-UBA3 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of UBE2M. Necessary for cell cycle progression through the S-M checkpoint. Overexpression of NAE1 causes apoptosis through deregulation of NEDD8 conjugation.<ref>PMID:10207026</ref> <ref>PMID:10722740</ref> <ref>PMID:12740388</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UBC12_HUMAN UBC12_HUMAN]] Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 from the UBA3-NAE1 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. The specific interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase RBX1, but not RBX2, suggests that the RBX1-UBE2M complex neddylates specific target proteins, such as CUL1, CUL2, CUL3 and CUL4. Involved in cell proliferation.<ref>PMID:10207026</ref> <ref>PMID:15361859</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UBA3_HUMAN UBA3_HUMAN]] Catalytic subunit of the dimeric UBA3-NAE1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a NEDD8-UBA3 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of UBE2M. Down-regulates steroid receptor activity. Necessary for cell cycle progression.<ref>PMID:10207026</ref> <ref>PMID:9694792</ref> <ref>PMID:12740388</ref>
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ULA1_HUMAN ULA1_HUMAN] Regulatory subunit of the dimeric UBA3-NAE1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a NEDD8-UBA3 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of UBE2M. Necessary for cell cycle progression through the S-M checkpoint. Overexpression of NAE1 causes apoptosis through deregulation of NEDD8 conjugation.<ref>PMID:10207026</ref> <ref>PMID:10722740</ref> <ref>PMID:12740388</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Holton, J M]] | + | [[Category: Holton JM]] |
| - | [[Category: Huang, D T]] | + | [[Category: Huang DT]] |
| - | [[Category: Hunt, H W]] | + | [[Category: Hunt HW]] |
| - | [[Category: Ohi, M D]] | + | [[Category: Ohi MD]] |
| - | [[Category: Schulman, B A]] | + | [[Category: Schulman BA]] |
| - | [[Category: Zhuang, M]] | + | [[Category: Zhuang M]] |
| - | [[Category: Adenylation]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Atp]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Conformational change]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: E1]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: E2]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ligase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Multifunction macromolecular complex]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Nedd8]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Protein turnover]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Switch]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Thioester]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ubiquitin]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
ULA1_HUMAN Regulatory subunit of the dimeric UBA3-NAE1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a NEDD8-UBA3 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of UBE2M. Necessary for cell cycle progression through the S-M checkpoint. Overexpression of NAE1 causes apoptosis through deregulation of NEDD8 conjugation.[1] [2] [3]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are conjugated by dynamic E1-E2-E3 enzyme cascades. E1 enzymes activate UBLs by catalysing UBL carboxy-terminal adenylation, forming a covalent E1 throught UBL thioester intermediate, and generating a thioester-linked E2 throught UBL product, which must be released for subsequent reactions. Here we report the structural analysis of a trapped UBL activation complex for the human NEDD8 pathway, containing NEDD8's heterodimeric E1 (APPBP1-UBA3), two NEDD8s (one thioester-linked to E1, one noncovalently associated for adenylation), a catalytically inactive E2 (Ubc12), and MgATP. The results suggest that a thioester switch toggles E1-E2 affinities. Two E2 binding sites depend on NEDD8 being thioester-linked to E1. One is unmasked by a striking E1 conformational change. The other comes directly from the thioester-bound NEDD8. After NEDD8 transfer to E2, reversion to an alternate E1 conformation would facilitate release of the E2 throught NEDD8 thioester product. Thus, transferring the UBL's thioester linkage between successive conjugation enzymes can induce conformational changes and alter interaction networks to drive consecutive steps in UBL cascades.
Basis for a ubiquitin-like protein thioester switch toggling E1-E2 affinity.,Huang DT, Hunt HW, Zhuang M, Ohi MD, Holton JM, Schulman BA Nature. 2007 Jan 25;445(7126):394-8. Epub 2007 Jan 14. PMID:17220875[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Gong L, Yeh ET. Identification of the activating and conjugating enzymes of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 23;274(17):12036-42. PMID:10207026
- ↑ Chen Y, McPhie DL, Hirschberg J, Neve RL. The amyloid precursor protein-binding protein APP-BP1 drives the cell cycle through the S-M checkpoint and causes apoptosis in neurons. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 24;275(12):8929-35. PMID:10722740
- ↑ Bohnsack RN, Haas AL. Conservation in the mechanism of Nedd8 activation by the human AppBp1-Uba3 heterodimer. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 18;278(29):26823-30. Epub 2003 May 10. PMID:12740388 doi:10.1074/jbc.M303177200
- ↑ Huang DT, Hunt HW, Zhuang M, Ohi MD, Holton JM, Schulman BA. Basis for a ubiquitin-like protein thioester switch toggling E1-E2 affinity. Nature. 2007 Jan 25;445(7126):394-8. Epub 2007 Jan 14. PMID:17220875 doi:10.1038/nature05490
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