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| | <StructureSection load='3e9k' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3e9k]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.70Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='3e9k' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3e9k]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.70Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3e9k]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3E9K OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3E9K FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3e9k]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3E9K OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3E9K FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=3XH:3-HYDROXYHIPPURIC+ACID'>3XH</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PLP:PYRIDOXAL-5-PHOSPHATE'>PLP</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.7Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CSX:S-OXY+CYSTEINE'>CSX</scene></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=3XH:3-HYDROXYHIPPURIC+ACID'>3XH</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CSX:S-OXY+CYSTEINE'>CSX</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PLP:PYRIDOXAL-5-PHOSPHATE'>PLP</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2hzp|2hzp]], [[1qz9|1qz9]]</div></td></tr>
| + | |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">KYNU ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
| + | |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kynureninase Kynureninase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.7.1.3 3.7.1.3] </span></td></tr>
| + | |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3e9k FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3e9k OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3e9k PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3e9k RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3e9k PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3e9k ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3e9k FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3e9k OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3e9k PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3e9k RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3e9k PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3e9k ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KYNU_HUMAN KYNU_HUMAN]] Note=Xanthurenic aciduria manifesting as massive urinary excretion of large amounts of kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine and xanthurenic acid has been observed in an individual carrying a homozygous missense change in KYNU (PubMed:17334708). The urinary pattern in the patient suggests kynureninase deficiency and a block in the conversion of kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine to anthranilate and 3-hydroxyanthranilate, respectively.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03017]
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KYNU_HUMAN KYNU_HUMAN] Note=Xanthurenic aciduria manifesting as massive urinary excretion of large amounts of kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine and xanthurenic acid has been observed in an individual carrying a homozygous missense change in KYNU (PubMed:17334708). The urinary pattern in the patient suggests kynureninase deficiency and a block in the conversion of kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine to anthranilate and 3-hydroxyanthranilate, respectively.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03017] |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KYNU_HUMAN KYNU_HUMAN]] Catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3-hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-OHAA), respectively. Has a preference for the L-3-hydroxy form. Also has cysteine-conjugate-beta-lyase activity.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03017]
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KYNU_HUMAN KYNU_HUMAN] Catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3-hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-OHAA), respectively. Has a preference for the L-3-hydroxy form. Also has cysteine-conjugate-beta-lyase activity.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03017] |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Kynureninase]]
| + | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Gawandi, V]] | + | [[Category: Gawandi V]] |
| - | [[Category: Kumar, S]] | + | [[Category: Kumar S]] |
| - | [[Category: Lima, S]] | + | [[Category: Lima S]] |
| - | [[Category: Momany, C]] | + | [[Category: Momany C]] |
| - | [[Category: Phillips, R S]] | + | [[Category: Phillips RS]] |
| - | [[Category: 3-hydroxy hippurate]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: 3-hydroxyhippuric acid]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Inhibitor complex]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Kynurenine hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Kynurenine-l-hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Plp]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Pyridine nucleotide biosynthesis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Pyridoxal phosphate]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Disease
KYNU_HUMAN Note=Xanthurenic aciduria manifesting as massive urinary excretion of large amounts of kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine and xanthurenic acid has been observed in an individual carrying a homozygous missense change in KYNU (PubMed:17334708). The urinary pattern in the patient suggests kynureninase deficiency and a block in the conversion of kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine to anthranilate and 3-hydroxyanthranilate, respectively.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03017]
Function
KYNU_HUMAN Catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3-hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-OHAA), respectively. Has a preference for the L-3-hydroxy form. Also has cysteine-conjugate-beta-lyase activity.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03017]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Homo sapiens kynureninase is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of 3-hydroxykynurenine to yield 3-hydroxyanthranilate and L-alanine as part of the tryptophan catabolic pathway leading to the de novo biosynthesis of NAD(+). This pathway results in quinolinate, an excitotoxin that is an NMDA receptor agonist. High levels of quinolinate have been correlated with the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders such as AIDS-related dementia and Alzheimer's disease. We have synthesized a novel kynureninase inhibitor, 3-hydroxyhippurate, cocrystallized it with human kynureninase, and solved the atomic structure. On the basis of an analysis of the complex, we designed a series of His-102, Ser-332, and Asn-333 mutants. The H102W/N333T and H102W/S332G/N333T mutants showed complete reversal of substrate specificity between 3-hydroxykynurenine and L-kynurenine, thus defining the primary residues contributing to substrate specificity in kynureninases.
Crystal structure of the Homo sapiens kynureninase-3-hydroxyhippuric acid inhibitor complex: insights into the molecular basis of kynureninase substrate specificity.,Lima S, Kumar S, Gawandi V, Momany C, Phillips RS J Med Chem. 2009 Jan 22;52(2):389-96. PMID:19143568[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Lima S, Kumar S, Gawandi V, Momany C, Phillips RS. Crystal structure of the Homo sapiens kynureninase-3-hydroxyhippuric acid inhibitor complex: insights into the molecular basis of kynureninase substrate specificity. J Med Chem. 2009 Jan 22;52(2):389-96. PMID:19143568 doi:10.1021/jm8010806
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