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| | <StructureSection load='4k4j' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4k4j]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='4k4j' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4k4j]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4k4j]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4K4J OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4K4J FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4k4j]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4K4J OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4K4J FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=1O8:(2E,4E,6Z,8E)-8-(3,4-DIHYDRONAPHTHALEN-1(2H)-YLIDENE)-3,7-DIMETHYLOCTA-2,4,6-TRIENOIC+ACID'>1O8</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[3oap|3oap]], [[1mvc|1mvc]], [[4k6i|4k6i]]</div></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=1O8:(2E,4E,6Z,8E)-8-(3,4-DIHYDRONAPHTHALEN-1(2H)-YLIDENE)-3,7-DIMETHYLOCTA-2,4,6-TRIENOIC+ACID'>1O8</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">NR2B1, RXRA, RXRA NR2B1 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
| + | |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4k4j FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4k4j OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4k4j PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4k4j RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4k4j PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4k4j ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4k4j FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4k4j OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4k4j PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4k4j RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4k4j PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4k4j ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| - | == Disease == | |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA2_HUMAN NCOA2_HUMAN]] Note=Chromosomal aberrations involving NCOA2 may be a cause of acute myeloid leukemias. Inversion inv(8)(p11;q13) generates the KAT6A-NCOA2 oncogene, which consists of the N-terminal part of KAT6A and the C-terminal part of NCOA2/TIF2. KAT6A-NCOA2 binds to CREBBP and disrupts its function in transcription activation. | |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RXRA_HUMAN RXRA_HUMAN]] Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.<ref>PMID:10195690</ref> <ref>PMID:11162439</ref> <ref>PMID:11915042</ref> <ref>PMID:20215566</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA2_HUMAN NCOA2_HUMAN]] Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Coactivator of the steroid binding domain (AF-2) but not of the modulating N-terminal domain (AF-1). Required with NCOA1 to control energy balance between white and brown adipose tissues.<ref>PMID:9430642</ref>
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RXRA_HUMAN RXRA_HUMAN] Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.<ref>PMID:10195690</ref> <ref>PMID:11162439</ref> <ref>PMID:11915042</ref> <ref>PMID:20215566</ref> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Muccio, D D]] | + | [[Category: Muccio DD]] |
| - | [[Category: Smith, C D]] | + | [[Category: Smith CD]] |
| - | [[Category: Xia, G]] | + | [[Category: Xia G]] |
| - | [[Category: 9-cis-uab30]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Cancer]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ligand binding domain]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Transcription]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
RXRA_HUMAN Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.[1] [2] [3] [4]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Retinoid X Receptors (RXRs) are obligate partners for several other nuclear receptors, and they play a key role in several signaling processes. Despite being a promiscuous heterodimer partner, this nuclear receptor is a target of therapeutic intervention through activation using selective RXR-agonists (rexinoids). Agonist binding to RXR initiates a large conformational change in the receptor which allows for coactivator recruitment to its surface and enhanced transcription. Here we reveal the structural and dynamical changes produced when a coactivator peptide binds to the human RXR-alpha ligand binding domain containing two clinically relevant rexinoids, Targretin and 9-cis-UAB30. Our results show the structural changes are very similar for each rexinoid and similar to those for the pan-agonist 9-cis-retinoic acid. The four structural changes involve key residues on helix 3, helix 4, and helix 11 that move from a solvent exposed environment to one that interacts extensively with helix 12. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX MS) reveals the dynamics of helices 3, 11 and 12 are significantly decreased when the two rexinoids are bound to the receptor. When the pan-agonist 9-cis-retinoic acid is bound to the receptor, only the dynamics of helices 3 and 11 are reduced. The four structural changes are conserved in all x-ray structures of the RXR ligand binding domain in the presence of agonist and coactivator peptide. They serve as hallmarks for how RXR changes conformation and dynamics in the presence of agonist and coactivator to initiate signaling.
Defining the communication between agonist and coactivator binding in the retinoid X receptor ligand binding domain.,Boerma LJ, Xia G, Qui C, Cox BD, Chalmers MJ, Smith CD, Lobo-Ruppert S, Griffin P, Muccio DD, Renfrow MB J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 1. PMID:24187139[5]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Gorla-Bajszczak A, Juge-Aubry C, Pernin A, Burger AG, Meier CA. Conserved amino acids in the ligand-binding and tau(i) domains of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha are necessary for heterodimerization with RXR. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1999 Jan 25;147(1-2):37-47. PMID:10195690
- ↑ Harish S, Ashok MS, Khanam T, Rangarajan PN. Serine 27, a human retinoid X receptor alpha residue, phosphorylated by protein kinase A is essential for cyclicAMP-mediated downregulation of RXRalpha function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 29;279(3):853-7. PMID:11162439 doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.4043
- ↑ Tsutsumi T, Suzuki T, Shimoike T, Suzuki R, Moriya K, Shintani Y, Fujie H, Matsuura Y, Koike K, Miyamura T. Interaction of hepatitis C virus core protein with retinoid X receptor alpha modulates its transcriptional activity. Hepatology. 2002 Apr;35(4):937-46. PMID:11915042 doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.32470
- ↑ Santos NC, Kim KH. Activity of retinoic acid receptor-alpha is directly regulated at its protein kinase A sites in response to follicle-stimulating hormone signaling. Endocrinology. 2010 May;151(5):2361-72. doi: 10.1210/en.2009-1338. Epub 2010 Mar , 9. PMID:20215566 doi:10.1210/en.2009-1338
- ↑ Boerma LJ, Xia G, Qui C, Cox BD, Chalmers MJ, Smith CD, Lobo-Ruppert S, Griffin P, Muccio DD, Renfrow MB. Defining the communication between agonist and coactivator binding in the retinoid X receptor ligand binding domain. J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 1. PMID:24187139 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.476861
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