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| | <StructureSection load='3g2v' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3g2v]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='3g2v' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3g2v]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3g2v]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3G2V OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3G2V FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3g2v]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3G2V OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3G2V FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=IOD:IODIDE+ION'>IOD</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.1Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=SEP:PHOSPHOSERINE'>SEP</scene></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=IOD:IODIDE+ION'>IOD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SEP:PHOSPHOSERINE'>SEP</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3g2s|3g2s]], [[3g2t|3g2t]], [[3g2u|3g2u]], [[3g2w|3g2w]]</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3g2v FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3g2v OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3g2v PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3g2v RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3g2v PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3g2v ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3g2v FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3g2v OCA], [http://pdbe.org/3g2v PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3g2v RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3g2v PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3g2v ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| - | == Disease == | |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SORT_HUMAN SORT_HUMAN]] Note=A common polymorphism located in a non-coding region between CELSR2 and PSRC1 alters a CEBP transcription factor binding site and is responsible for changes in hepatic expression of SORT1. Altered SORT1 expression in liver affects low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in plasma and is associated with susceptibility to myocardial infarction. | |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GGA1_HUMAN GGA1_HUMAN]] Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (AC-LL) motif.<ref>PMID:11301005</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SORT_HUMAN SORT_HUMAN]] Functions as a sorting receptor in the Golgi compartment and as a clearance receptor on the cell surface. Required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosomes by a pathway that is independent of the mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR). Also required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endosomes. Promotes neuronal apoptosis by mediating endocytosis of the proapoptotic precursor forms of BDNF (proBDNF) and NGFB (proNGFB). Also acts as a receptor for neurotensin. May promote mineralization of the extracellular matrix during osteogenic differentiation by scavenging extracellular LPL. Probably required in adipocytes for the formation of specialized storage vesicles containing the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 (GLUT4 storage vesicles, or GSVs). These vesicles provide a stable pool of SLC2A4 and confer increased responsiveness to insulin. May also mediate transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.<ref>PMID:10085125</ref> <ref>PMID:11331584</ref> <ref>PMID:11390366</ref> <ref>PMID:12209882</ref> <ref>PMID:14657016</ref> <ref>PMID:12598608</ref> <ref>PMID:15313463</ref> <ref>PMID:14985763</ref> <ref>PMID:15930396</ref> <ref>PMID:15987945</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GGA1_HUMAN GGA1_HUMAN] Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (AC-LL) motif.<ref>PMID:11301005</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Behrens, M A]] | + | [[Category: Behrens MA]] |
| - | [[Category: Cramer, J F]] | + | [[Category: Cramer JF]] |
| - | [[Category: Gustafsen, C]] | + | [[Category: Gustafsen C]] |
| - | [[Category: Madsen, P]] | + | [[Category: Madsen P]] |
| - | [[Category: Oliveira, C L.P]] | + | [[Category: Oliveira CLP]] |
| - | [[Category: Pedersen, J S]] | + | [[Category: Pedersen JS]] |
| - | [[Category: Petersen, C M]] | + | [[Category: Petersen CM]] |
| - | [[Category: Thirup, S S]] | + | [[Category: Thirup SS]] |
| - | [[Category: Acidic-cluster dileucine signal]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Adp-ribosylation factor binding protein gga1]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Protein transport]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Sortilin]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Vh]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
GGA1_HUMAN Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (AC-LL) motif.[1]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The cytosolic adaptors GGA1-3 mediate sorting of transmembrane proteins displaying a C-terminal acidic dileucine motif (DXXLL) in their cytosolic domain. GGA1 and GGA3 contain similar but intrinsic motifs that are believed to serve as autoinhibitory sites activated by the phosphorylation of a serine positioned three residues upstream of the DXXLL motif. In the present study, we have subjected the widely acknowledged concept of GGA1 autoinhibition to a thorough structural and functional examination. We find that (i) the intrinsic motif of GGA1 is inactive, (ii) only C-terminal DXXLL motifs constitute active GGA binding sites, (iii) while aspartates and phosphorylated serines one or two positions upstream of the DXXLL motif increase GGA1 binding, phosphoserines further upstream have little or no influence and (iv) phosphorylation of GGA1 does not affect its conformation or binding to Sortilin and SorLA. Taken together, our findings seem to refute the functional significance of GGA autoinhibition in particular and of intrinsic GGA binding motifs in general.
GGA Autoinhibition Revisited.,Cramer JF, Gustafsen C, Behrens MA, Oliveira CL, Pedersen JS, Madsen P, Petersen CM, Thirup SS Traffic. 2010 Feb;11(2):259-73. Epub 2009 Nov 10. PMID:20015111[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Puertollano R, Randazzo PA, Presley JF, Hartnell LM, Bonifacino JS. The GGAs promote ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN. Cell. 2001 Apr 6;105(1):93-102. PMID:11301005
- ↑ Cramer JF, Gustafsen C, Behrens MA, Oliveira CL, Pedersen JS, Madsen P, Petersen CM, Thirup SS. GGA Autoinhibition Revisited. Traffic. 2010 Feb;11(2):259-73. Epub 2009 Nov 10. PMID:20015111 doi:http://dx.doi.org/TRA1017
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