3vqi

Structural highlights

Function

ATG5_KLUMD Involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagic vesicle formation (PubMed:26442587). Autophagy is essential for maintenance of amino acid levels and protein synthesis under nitrogen starvation (By similarity). Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) (By similarity). Also required for mitophagy, which eliminates defective or superfluous mitochondria in order to fulfill cellular energy requirements and prevent excess ROS production (By similarity). Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function (PubMed:22682742). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 and ATG8 association to the vesicle membranes (By similarity). ATG12-ATG5 rearranges the ATG3 catalytic center and enhances its E2 activity (By similarity).[UniProtKB:Q12380]^{[1] [2]}

See Also

• Autophagy-related protein 3D structures

References

1. ↑ Yamaguchi M, Noda NN, Yamamoto H, Shima T, Kumeta H, Kobashigawa Y, Akada R, Ohsumi Y, Inagaki F. Structural insights into atg10-mediated formation of the autophagy-essential atg12-atg5 conjugate. Structure. 2012 Jul 3;20(7):1244-54. Epub 2012 Jun 7. PMID:22682742 doi:10.1016/j.str.2012.04.018
2. ↑ Yamamoto H, Shima T, Yamaguchi M, Mochizuki Y, Hoshida H, Kakuta S, Kondo-Kakuta C, Noda NN, Inagaki F, Itoh T, Akada R, Ohsumi Y. The Thermotolerant Yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus Is a Useful Organism for Structural and Biochemical Studies of Autophagy. J Biol Chem. 2015 Dec 4;290(49):29506-18. PMID:26442587 doi:10.1074/jbc.M115.684233
3. ↑ Yamaguchi M, Noda NN, Yamamoto H, Shima T, Kumeta H, Kobashigawa Y, Akada R, Ohsumi Y, Inagaki F. Structural insights into atg10-mediated formation of the autophagy-essential atg12-atg5 conjugate. Structure. 2012 Jul 3;20(7):1244-54. Epub 2012 Jun 7. PMID:22682742 doi:10.1016/j.str.2012.04.018