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| | <StructureSection load='2c6h' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2c6h]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.35Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='2c6h' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2c6h]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.35Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2c6h]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/As_4.1526 As 4.1526]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2C6H OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2C6H FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2c6h]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_venezuelae Streptomyces venezuelae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2C6H OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2C6H FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PXI:4-{[4-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-3-HYDROXY-6-METHYLTETRAHYDRO-2H-PYRAN-2-YL]OXY}-12-ETHYL-3,5,7,11-TETRAMETHYLOXACYCLODODEC-9-ENE-2,8-DIONE'>PXI</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.35Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2bvj|2bvj]], [[2c7x|2c7x]], [[2ca0|2ca0]], [[2cd8|2cd8]]</div></td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PXI:4-{[4-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-3-HYDROXY-6-METHYLTETRAHYDRO-2H-PYRAN-2-YL]OXY}-12-ETHYL-3,5,7,11-TETRAMETHYLOXACYCLODODEC-9-ENE-2,8-DIONE'>PXI</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr> |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2c6h FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2c6h OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2c6h PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2c6h RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2c6h PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2c6h ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2c6h FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2c6h OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2c6h PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2c6h RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2c6h PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2c6h ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PIKC_STRVZ PIKC_STRVZ] Catalyzes the hydroxylation of narbomycin to give rise to pikromycin, and of 10-deoxymethymycin (YC-17) to give rise to methymycin and neomethymycin during macrolide antibiotic biosynthesis. In addition, produces low amounts of neopicromycin, novapikromycin and novamethymycin. Requires the participation of a ferredoxin and a ferredoxin reductase for the transfer of electrons from NADPH to the monooxygenase.<ref>PMID:16825192</ref> <ref>PMID:19124459</ref> <ref>PMID:19833867</ref> <ref>PMID:24627965</ref> <ref>PMID:9778370</ref> <ref>PMID:9831532</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: As 4 1526]] | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Kim, Y]] | + | [[Category: Streptomyces venezuelae]] |
| - | [[Category: Li, S]] | + | [[Category: Kim Y]] |
| - | [[Category: Podust, L M]] | + | [[Category: Li S]] |
| - | [[Category: Sherman, D H]] | + | [[Category: Podust LM]] |
| - | [[Category: Smith, J A]] | + | [[Category: Sherman DH]] |
| - | [[Category: Waterman, M R]] | + | [[Category: Smith JA]] |
| - | [[Category: Yermalitskaya, L V]] | + | [[Category: Waterman MR]] |
| - | [[Category: Antibiotic biosynthesis]]
| + | [[Category: Yermalitskaya LV]] |
| - | [[Category: Cyp107l1]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Cytochrome p450]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Heme]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Iron]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Macrolide monooxygenase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Metal-binding]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Monooxygenase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Oxidoreductase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Oxidoreductase antibiotic biosynthesis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Pikc]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
PIKC_STRVZ Catalyzes the hydroxylation of narbomycin to give rise to pikromycin, and of 10-deoxymethymycin (YC-17) to give rise to methymycin and neomethymycin during macrolide antibiotic biosynthesis. In addition, produces low amounts of neopicromycin, novapikromycin and novamethymycin. Requires the participation of a ferredoxin and a ferredoxin reductase for the transfer of electrons from NADPH to the monooxygenase.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The pikromycin (Pik)/methymycin biosynthetic pathway of Streptomyces venezuelae represents a valuable system for dissecting the fundamental mechanisms of modular polyketide biosynthesis, aminodeoxysugar assembly, glycosyltransfer, and hydroxylation leading to the production of a series of macrolide antibiotics, including the natural ketolides narbomycin and pikromycin. In this study, we describe four x-ray crystal structures and allied functional studies for PikC, the remarkable P450 monooxygenase responsible for production of a number of related macrolide products from the Pik pathway. The results provide important new insights into the structural basis for the C10/C12 and C12/C14 hydroxylation patterns for the 12-(YC-17) and 14-membered ring (narbomycin) macrolides, respectively. This includes two different ligand-free structures in an asymmetric unit (resolution 2.1 A) and two co-crystal structures with bound endogenous substrates YC-17 (resolution 2.35 A)or narbomycin (resolution 1.7 A). A central feature of the enzyme-substrate interaction involves anchoring of the desosamine residue in two alternative binding pockets based on a series of distinct amino acid residues that form a salt bridge and a hydrogen-bonding network with the deoxysugar C3' dimethylamino group. Functional significance of the salt bridge was corroborated by site-directed mutagenesis that revealed a key role for Glu-94 in YC-17 binding and Glu-85 for narbomycin binding. Taken together, the x-ray structure analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and corresponding product distribution studies reveal that PikC substrate tolerance and product diversity result from a combination of alternative anchoring modes rather than an induced fit mechanism.
The structural basis for substrate anchoring, active site selectivity, and product formation by P450 PikC from Streptomyces venezuelae.,Sherman DH, Li S, Yermalitskaya LV, Kim Y, Smith JA, Waterman MR, Podust LM J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 8;281(36):26289-97. Epub 2006 Jul 6. PMID:16825192[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Sherman DH, Li S, Yermalitskaya LV, Kim Y, Smith JA, Waterman MR, Podust LM. The structural basis for substrate anchoring, active site selectivity, and product formation by P450 PikC from Streptomyces venezuelae. J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 8;281(36):26289-97. Epub 2006 Jul 6. PMID:16825192 doi:10.1074/jbc.M605478200
- ↑ Li S, Ouellet H, Sherman DH, Podust LM. Analysis of transient and catalytic desosamine-binding pockets in cytochrome P-450 PikC from Streptomyces venezuelae. J Biol Chem. 2009 Feb 27;284(9):5723-30. Epub 2009 Jan 4. PMID:19124459 doi:10.1074/jbc.M807592200
- ↑ Li S, Chaulagain MR, Knauff AR, Podust LM, Montgomery J, Sherman DH. Selective oxidation of carbolide C-H bonds by an engineered macrolide P450 mono-oxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 15. PMID:19833867
- ↑ Negretti S, Narayan AR, Chiou KC, Kells PM, Stachowski JL, Hansen DA, Podust LM, Montgomery J, Sherman DH. Directing Group-Controlled Regioselectivity in an Enzymatic C-H Bond Oxygenation. J Am Chem Soc. 2014 Mar 21. PMID:24627965 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja5016052
- ↑ Betlach MC, Kealey JT, Ashley GW, McDaniel R. Characterization of the macrolide P-450 hydroxylase from Streptomyces venezuelae which converts narbomycin to picromycin. Biochemistry. 1998 Oct 20;37(42):14937-42. PMID:9778370 doi:10.1021/bi981699c
- ↑ Xue Y, Wilson D, Zhao L, Liu Hw, Sherman DH. Hydroxylation of macrolactones YC-17 and narbomycin is mediated by the pikC-encoded cytochrome P450 in Streptomyces venezuelae. Chem Biol. 1998 Nov;5(11):661-7. PMID:9831532 doi:10.1016/s1074-5521(98)90293-9
- ↑ Sherman DH, Li S, Yermalitskaya LV, Kim Y, Smith JA, Waterman MR, Podust LM. The structural basis for substrate anchoring, active site selectivity, and product formation by P450 PikC from Streptomyces venezuelae. J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 8;281(36):26289-97. Epub 2006 Jul 6. PMID:16825192 doi:10.1074/jbc.M605478200
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