1kwp

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<StructureSection load='1kwp' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1kwp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1kwp' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1kwp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1kwp]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KWP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1KWP FirstGlance]. <br>
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1kwp]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KWP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1KWP FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HG:MERCURY+(II)+ION'>HG</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.8&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HG:MERCURY+(II)+ION'>HG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1kwp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1kwp OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1kwp PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1kwp RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1kwp PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1kwp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1kwp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1kwp OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1kwp PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1kwp RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1kwp PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1kwp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
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[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MAPK2_HUMAN MAPK2_HUMAN]] Stress-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in cytokines production, endocytosis, reorganization of the cytoskeleton, cell migration, cell cycle control, chromatin remodeling, DNA damage response and transcriptional regulation. Following stress, it is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase p38-alpha/MAPK14, leading to phosphorylation of substrates. Phosphorylates serine in the peptide sequence, Hyd-X-R-X(2)-S, where Hyd is a large hydrophobic residue. Phosphorylates ALOX5, CDC25B, CDC25C, ELAVL1, HNRNPA0, HSF1, HSP27/HSPB1, KRT18, KRT20, LIMK1, LSP1, PABPC1, PARN, PDE4A, RCSD1, RPS6KA3, TAB3 and TTP/ZFP36. Mediates phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 in response to stress, leading to dissociate HSP27/HSPB1 from large small heat-shock protein (sHsps) oligomers and impair their chaperone activities and ability to protect against oxidative stress effectively. Involved in inflammatory response by regulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL6 production post-transcriptionally: acts by phosphorylating AU-rich elements (AREs)-binding proteins ELAVL1, HNRNPA0, PABPC1 and TTP/ZFP36, leading to regulate the stability and translation of TNF and IL6 mRNAs. Phosphorylation of TTP/ZFP36, a major post-transcriptional regulator of TNF, promotes its binding to 14-3-3 proteins and reduces its ARE mRNA affinity leading to inhibition of dependent degradation of ARE-containing transcript. Also involved in late G2/M checkpoint following DNA damage through a process of post-transcriptional mRNA stabilization: following DNA damage, relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm and phosphorylates HNRNPA0 and PARN, leading to stabilize GADD45A mRNA. Involved in toll-like receptor signaling pathway (TLR) in dendritic cells: required for acute TLR-induced macropinocytosis by phosphorylating and activating RPS6KA3.<ref>PMID:8280084</ref> <ref>PMID:8093612</ref> <ref>PMID:8774846</ref> <ref>PMID:10383393</ref> <ref>PMID:12456657</ref> <ref>PMID:11844797</ref> <ref>PMID:12565831</ref> <ref>PMID:14499342</ref> <ref>PMID:14517288</ref> <ref>PMID:15014438</ref> <ref>PMID:15629715</ref> <ref>PMID:16456544</ref> <ref>PMID:16278218</ref> <ref>PMID:17481585</ref> <ref>PMID:18021073</ref> <ref>PMID:20932473</ref>
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MAPK2_HUMAN MAPK2_HUMAN] Stress-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in cytokines production, endocytosis, reorganization of the cytoskeleton, cell migration, cell cycle control, chromatin remodeling, DNA damage response and transcriptional regulation. Following stress, it is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase p38-alpha/MAPK14, leading to phosphorylation of substrates. Phosphorylates serine in the peptide sequence, Hyd-X-R-X(2)-S, where Hyd is a large hydrophobic residue. Phosphorylates ALOX5, CDC25B, CDC25C, ELAVL1, HNRNPA0, HSF1, HSP27/HSPB1, KRT18, KRT20, LIMK1, LSP1, PABPC1, PARN, PDE4A, RCSD1, RPS6KA3, TAB3 and TTP/ZFP36. Mediates phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 in response to stress, leading to dissociate HSP27/HSPB1 from large small heat-shock protein (sHsps) oligomers and impair their chaperone activities and ability to protect against oxidative stress effectively. Involved in inflammatory response by regulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL6 production post-transcriptionally: acts by phosphorylating AU-rich elements (AREs)-binding proteins ELAVL1, HNRNPA0, PABPC1 and TTP/ZFP36, leading to regulate the stability and translation of TNF and IL6 mRNAs. Phosphorylation of TTP/ZFP36, a major post-transcriptional regulator of TNF, promotes its binding to 14-3-3 proteins and reduces its ARE mRNA affinity leading to inhibition of dependent degradation of ARE-containing transcript. Also involved in late G2/M checkpoint following DNA damage through a process of post-transcriptional mRNA stabilization: following DNA damage, relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm and phosphorylates HNRNPA0 and PARN, leading to stabilize GADD45A mRNA. Involved in toll-like receptor signaling pathway (TLR) in dendritic cells: required for acute TLR-induced macropinocytosis by phosphorylating and activating RPS6KA3.<ref>PMID:8280084</ref> <ref>PMID:8093612</ref> <ref>PMID:8774846</ref> <ref>PMID:10383393</ref> <ref>PMID:12456657</ref> <ref>PMID:11844797</ref> <ref>PMID:12565831</ref> <ref>PMID:14499342</ref> <ref>PMID:14517288</ref> <ref>PMID:15014438</ref> <ref>PMID:15629715</ref> <ref>PMID:16456544</ref> <ref>PMID:16278218</ref> <ref>PMID:17481585</ref> <ref>PMID:18021073</ref> <ref>PMID:20932473</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1kwp ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1kwp ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
 
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MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2), one of several kinases directly phosphorylated and activated by p38 MAPK, plays a central role in the inflammatory response. The activated MAPKAPK2 phosphorylates its nuclear targets CREB/ATF1, serum response factor, and E2A protein E47 and its cytoplasmic targets HSP25/27, LSP-1, 5-lipoxygenase, glycogen synthase, and tyrosine hydroxylase. The crystal structure of unphosphorylated MAPKAPK2, determined at 2.8 A resolution, includes the kinase domain and the C-terminal regulatory domain. Although the protein is inactive, the kinase domain adopts an active conformation with aspartate 366 mimicking the missing phosphorylated threonine 222 in the activation loop. The C-terminal regulatory domain forms a helix-turn-helix plus a long strand. Phosphorylation of threonine 334, which is located between the kinase domain and the C-terminal regulatory domain, may serve as a switch for MAPKAPK2 nuclear import and export. Phosphorylated MAPKAPK2 masks the nuclear localization signal at its C terminus by binding to p38. It unmasks the nuclear export signal, which is part of the second C-terminal helix packed along the surface of kinase domain C-lobe, and thereby carries p38 to the cytoplasm.
 
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Structure of mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein (MAPKAP) kinase 2 suggests a bifunctional switch that couples kinase activation with nuclear export.,Meng W, Swenson LL, Fitzgibbon MJ, Hayakawa K, Ter Haar E, Behrens AE, Fulghum JR, Lippke JA J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 4;277(40):37401-5. Epub 2002 Aug 8. PMID:12171911<ref>PMID:12171911</ref>
 
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
 
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</div>
 
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1kwp" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
 
==See Also==
==See Also==
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
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[[Category: Human]]
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[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Behrens, A E]]
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[[Category: Behrens AE]]
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[[Category: Fitzgibbon, M J]]
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[[Category: Fitzgibbon MJ]]
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[[Category: Fulghum, J R]]
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[[Category: Fulghum JR]]
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[[Category: Haar, E ter]]
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[[Category: Hayakawa K]]
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[[Category: Hayakawa, K]]
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[[Category: Lippke JA]]
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[[Category: Lippke, J A]]
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[[Category: Meng W]]
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[[Category: Meng, W]]
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[[Category: Swenson LL]]
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[[Category: Swenson, L L]]
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[[Category: Ter Haar E]]
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[[Category: Mapkap2]]
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[[Category: Protein kinase]]
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[[Category: Signal transduction]]
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[[Category: Transferase]]
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Current revision

Crystal Structure of MAPKAP2

PDB ID 1kwp

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