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| | <StructureSection load='3s7s' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3s7s]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.21Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='3s7s' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3s7s]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.21Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3s7s]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3S7S OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3S7S FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3s7s]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3S7S OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3S7S FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EXM:(8ALPHA,10ALPHA,13ALPHA)-6-METHYLIDENEANDROSTA-1,4-DIENE-3,17-DIONE'>EXM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.21Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[3eqm|3eqm]], [[3s79|3s79]]</div></td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EXM:(8ALPHA,10ALPHA,13ALPHA)-6-METHYLIDENEANDROSTA-1,4-DIENE-3,17-DIONE'>EXM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">CYP19A1, ARO1, CYAR, CYP19 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr> | + | |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unspecific_monooxygenase Unspecific monooxygenase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.14.14.1 1.14.14.1] </span></td></tr>
| + | |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3s7s FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3s7s OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3s7s PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3s7s RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3s7s PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3s7s ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3s7s FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3s7s OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3s7s PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3s7s RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3s7s PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3s7s ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP19A_HUMAN CP19A_HUMAN]] Defects in CYP19A1 are a cause of aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/139300 139300]]; also known as familial gynecomastia. AEXS is characterized by an estrogen excess due to an increased aromatase activity. Defects in CYP19A1 are the cause of aromatase deficiency (AROD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/613546 613546]]. AROD is a rare disease in which fetal androgens are not converted into estrogens due to placental aromatase deficiency. Thus, pregnant women exhibit a hirsutism, which spontaneously resolves after post-partum. At birth, female babies present with pseudohermaphroditism due to virilization of extern genital organs. In adult females, manifestations include delay of puberty, breast hypoplasia and primary amenorrhoea with multicystic ovaries.<ref>PMID:8265607</ref> <ref>PMID:8530621</ref> <ref>PMID:9211678</ref>
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP19A_HUMAN CP19A_HUMAN] Defects in CYP19A1 are a cause of aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/139300 139300]; also known as familial gynecomastia. AEXS is characterized by an estrogen excess due to an increased aromatase activity. Defects in CYP19A1 are the cause of aromatase deficiency (AROD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/613546 613546]. AROD is a rare disease in which fetal androgens are not converted into estrogens due to placental aromatase deficiency. Thus, pregnant women exhibit a hirsutism, which spontaneously resolves after post-partum. At birth, female babies present with pseudohermaphroditism due to virilization of extern genital organs. In adult females, manifestations include delay of puberty, breast hypoplasia and primary amenorrhoea with multicystic ovaries.<ref>PMID:8265607</ref> <ref>PMID:8530621</ref> <ref>PMID:9211678</ref> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP19A_HUMAN CP19A_HUMAN]] Catalyzes the formation of aromatic C18 estrogens from C19 androgens.
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP19A_HUMAN CP19A_HUMAN] Catalyzes the formation of aromatic C18 estrogens from C19 androgens. |
| - | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
| + | |
| - | == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
| + | |
| - | Human cytochrome P450 aromatase catalyzes with high specificity the synthesis of estrogens from androgens. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) such as exemestane, 6-methylidene-androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione, are preeminent drugs for the treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. The crystal structure of human placental aromatase has shown an androgen-specific active site. By utilizing the structural data, novel C6-substituted androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione inhibitors have been designed. Several of the C6-substituted 2-alkynyloxy compounds inhibit purified placental aromatase with IC50s in the nM range. Anti-proliferation studies in a MCF-7 breast cancer cell line demonstrate that some of these compounds have EC50s better than 1nM, exceeding exemestane. X-ray structures of aromatase-complexes of two potent compounds reveal that, per their design, the novel side groups protrude into the opening to the access channel unoccupied in the enzyme-substrate/exemestane complexes. The observed structure-activity relationship is borne out by the X-ray data. Structure-guided design permits utilization of the aromatase-specific interactions for the development of next generation AIs.
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Novel Aromatase Inhibitors By Structure-Guided Design.,Ghosh D, Lo J, Xi J, Hubbell S, Egbuta C, Jiang W, An J, Morton D, Valette D, Griswold J, Davies HM J Med Chem. 2012 Sep 5. PMID:22951074<ref>PMID:22951074</ref>
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| - | | + | |
| - | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
| + | |
| - | </div>
| + | |
| - | <div class="pdbe-citations 3s7s" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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| | | | |
| | ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Unspecific monooxygenase]]
| + | [[Category: Ghosh D]] |
| - | [[Category: Ghosh, D]] | + | |
| - | [[Category: Cytochrome p450]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Oxidoreductase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Oxidoreductase-oxidoreductase inhibitor complex]]
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