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| | <StructureSection load='5wch' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5wch]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='5wch' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5wch]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5wch]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5WCH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5WCH FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5wch]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5WCH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5WCH FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=UNX:UNKNOWN+ATOM+OR+ION'>UNX</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">USP9X, DFFRX, FAM, USP9 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=UNX:UNKNOWN+ATOM+OR+ION'>UNX</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquitinyl_hydrolase_1 Ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.19.12 3.4.19.12] </span></td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5wch FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5wch OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5wch PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5wch RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5wch PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5wch ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5wch FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5wch OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5wch PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5wch RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5wch PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5wch ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/USP9X_HUMAN USP9X_HUMAN]] X-linked non-syndromic intellectual disability. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/USP9X_HUMAN USP9X_HUMAN] X-linked non-syndromic intellectual disability. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/USP9X_HUMAN USP9X_HUMAN]] Deubiquitinase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. May therefore play an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation of proteins through the removal of conjugated ubiquitin. Specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-48'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'-linked polyubiquitins chains. Essential component of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated SMAD4, opposing the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Deubiquitinates alkylation repair enzyme ALKBH3. OTUD4 recruits USP7 and USP9X to stabilize ALKBH3, thereby promoting the repair of alkylated DNA lesions (PubMed:25944111). Regulates chromosome alignment and segregation in mitosis by regulating the localization of BIRC5/survivin to mitotic centromeres. Involved in axonal growth and neuronal cell migration (PubMed:16322459, PubMed:18254724, PubMed:19135894, PubMed:24607389).<ref>PMID:16322459</ref> <ref>PMID:18254724</ref> <ref>PMID:19135894</ref> <ref>PMID:24607389</ref> <ref>PMID:25944111</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/USP9X_HUMAN USP9X_HUMAN] Deubiquitinase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. May therefore play an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation of proteins through the removal of conjugated ubiquitin. Specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-48'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'-linked polyubiquitins chains. Essential component of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated SMAD4, opposing the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Deubiquitinates alkylation repair enzyme ALKBH3. OTUD4 recruits USP7 and USP9X to stabilize ALKBH3, thereby promoting the repair of alkylated DNA lesions (PubMed:25944111). Regulates chromosome alignment and segregation in mitosis by regulating the localization of BIRC5/survivin to mitotic centromeres. Involved in axonal growth and neuronal cell migration (PubMed:16322459, PubMed:18254724, PubMed:19135894, PubMed:24607389).<ref>PMID:16322459</ref> <ref>PMID:18254724</ref> <ref>PMID:19135894</ref> <ref>PMID:24607389</ref> <ref>PMID:25944111</ref> |
| - | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
| + | |
| - | == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
| + | |
| - | USP9X is a conserved deubiquitinase (DUB) that regulates multiple cellular processes. Dysregulation of USP9X has been linked to cancers and X-linked intellectual disability. Here, we report the crystal structure of the USP9X catalytic domain at 2.5-A resolution. The structure reveals a canonical USP-fold comprised of fingers, palm, and thumb subdomains, as well as an unusual beta-hairpin insertion. The catalytic triad of USP9X is aligned in an active configuration. USP9X is exclusively active against ubiquitin (Ub) but not Ub-like modifiers. Cleavage assays with di-, tri-, and tetraUb chains show that the USP9X catalytic domain has a clear preference for K11-, followed by K63-, K48-, and K6-linked polyUb chains. Using a set of activity-based diUb and triUb probes (ABPs), we demonstrate that the USP9X catalytic domain has an exo-cleavage preference for K48- and endo-cleavage preference for K11-linked polyUb chains. The structure model and biochemical data suggest that the USP9X catalytic domain harbors three Ub binding sites, and a zinc finger in the fingers subdomain and the beta-hairpin insertion both play important roles in polyUb chain processing and linkage specificity. Furthermore, unexpected labeling of a secondary, noncatalytic cysteine located on a blocking loop adjacent to the catalytic site by K11-diUb ABP implicates a previously unreported mechanism of polyUb chain recognition. The structural features of USP9X revealed in our study are critical for understanding its DUB activity. The new Ub-based ABPs form a set of valuable tools to understand polyUb chain processing by the cysteine protease class of DUBs.
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | Crystal structure and activity-based labeling reveal the mechanisms for linkage-specific substrate recognition by deubiquitinase USP9X.,Paudel P, Zhang Q, Leung C, Greenberg HC, Guo Y, Chern YH, Dong A, Li Y, Vedadi M, Zhuang Z, Tong Y Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Mar 26. pii: 1815027116. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1815027116. PMID:30914461<ref>PMID:30914461</ref>
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
| + | |
| - | </div>
| + | |
| - | <div class="pdbe-citations 5wch" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
| + | |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1]]
| + | [[Category: Arrowsmith CH]] |
| - | [[Category: Arrowsmith, C H]] | + | [[Category: Bountra C]] |
| - | [[Category: Bountra, C]] | + | [[Category: Dong A]] |
| - | [[Category: Dong, A]] | + | [[Category: Edwards AM]] |
| - | [[Category: Edwards, A M]] | + | [[Category: Tong Y]] |
| - | [[Category: Structural genomic]]
| + | [[Category: Walker JR]] |
| - | [[Category: Tong, Y]] | + | [[Category: Zhang Q]] |
| - | [[Category: Walker, J R]] | + | |
| - | [[Category: Zhang, Q]] | + | |
| - | [[Category: Deubiquitinase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Sgc]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Disease
USP9X_HUMAN X-linked non-syndromic intellectual disability. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Function
USP9X_HUMAN Deubiquitinase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. May therefore play an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation of proteins through the removal of conjugated ubiquitin. Specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-48'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'-linked polyubiquitins chains. Essential component of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated SMAD4, opposing the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Deubiquitinates alkylation repair enzyme ALKBH3. OTUD4 recruits USP7 and USP9X to stabilize ALKBH3, thereby promoting the repair of alkylated DNA lesions (PubMed:25944111). Regulates chromosome alignment and segregation in mitosis by regulating the localization of BIRC5/survivin to mitotic centromeres. Involved in axonal growth and neuronal cell migration (PubMed:16322459, PubMed:18254724, PubMed:19135894, PubMed:24607389).[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
References
- ↑ Vong QP, Cao K, Li HY, Iglesias PA, Zheng Y. Chromosome alignment and segregation regulated by ubiquitination of survivin. Science. 2005 Dec 2;310(5753):1499-504. PMID:16322459 doi:10.1126/science.1120160
- ↑ Al-Hakim AK, Zagorska A, Chapman L, Deak M, Peggie M, Alessi DR. Control of AMPK-related kinases by USP9X and atypical Lys(29)/Lys(33)-linked polyubiquitin chains. Biochem J. 2008 Apr 15;411(2):249-60. doi: 10.1042/BJ20080067. PMID:18254724 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20080067
- ↑ Dupont S, Mamidi A, Cordenonsi M, Montagner M, Zacchigna L, Adorno M, Martello G, Stinchfield MJ, Soligo S, Morsut L, Inui M, Moro S, Modena N, Argenton F, Newfeld SJ, Piccolo S. FAM/USP9x, a deubiquitinating enzyme essential for TGFbeta signaling, controls Smad4 monoubiquitination. Cell. 2009 Jan 9;136(1):123-35. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.10.051. PMID:19135894 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.10.051
- ↑ Homan CC, Kumar R, Nguyen LS, Haan E, Raymond FL, Abidi F, Raynaud M, Schwartz CE, Wood SA, Gecz J, Jolly LA. Mutations in USP9X are associated with X-linked intellectual disability and disrupt neuronal cell migration and growth. Am J Hum Genet. 2014 Mar 6;94(3):470-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.02.004. PMID:24607389 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.02.004
- ↑ Zhao Y, Majid MC, Soll JM, Brickner JR, Dango S, Mosammaparast N. Noncanonical regulation of alkylation damage resistance by the OTUD4 deubiquitinase. EMBO J. 2015 Jun 12;34(12):1687-703. doi: 10.15252/embj.201490497. Epub 2015 May , 5. PMID:25944111 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/embj.201490497
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