6e7c

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<SX load='6e7c' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[6e7c]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.65&Aring;' scene=''>
<SX load='6e7c' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[6e7c]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.65&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6e7c]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6E7C OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6E7C FirstGlance]. <br>
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6e7c]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6E7C OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6E7C FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=G2P:PHOSPHOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC+ACID+GUANYLATE+ESTER'>G2P</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GTP:GUANOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>GTP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.65&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">TUBB2B ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), TUBA1B ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=G2P:PHOSPHOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC+ACID+GUANYLATE+ESTER'>G2P</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GTP:GUANOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>GTP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6e7c FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6e7c OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6e7c PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6e7c RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6e7c PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6e7c ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6e7c FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6e7c OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6e7c PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6e7c RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6e7c PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6e7c ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TBB2B_HUMAN TBB2B_HUMAN]] Congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles;Polymicrogyria due to TUBB2B mutation. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease may be caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Defects in TUBB2B may be involved in cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ).<ref>PMID:28013290</ref>
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TBB2B_HUMAN TBB2B_HUMAN] Congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles;Polymicrogyria due to TUBB2B mutation. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease may be caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Defects in TUBB2B may be involved in cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ).<ref>PMID:28013290</ref>
== Function ==
== Function ==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TBB2B_HUMAN TBB2B_HUMAN]] Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules (PubMed:23001566, PubMed:28013290, PubMed:26732629). It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain (By similarity). Plays a critical role in proper axon guidance in both central and peripheral axon tracts (PubMed:23001566). Implicated in neuronal migration (PubMed:19465910).<ref>PMID:19465910</ref> <ref>PMID:23001566</ref> <ref>PMID:26732629</ref> <ref>PMID:28013290</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TBA1B_HUMAN TBA1B_HUMAN]] Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TBB2B_HUMAN TBB2B_HUMAN] Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules (PubMed:23001566, PubMed:28013290, PubMed:26732629). It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain (By similarity). Plays a critical role in proper axon guidance in both central and peripheral axon tracts (PubMed:23001566). Implicated in neuronal migration (PubMed:19465910).<ref>PMID:19465910</ref> <ref>PMID:23001566</ref> <ref>PMID:26732629</ref> <ref>PMID:28013290</ref>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Cell biological studies have shown that protofilament number, a fundamental feature of microtubules, can correlate with the expression of different tubulin isotypes. However, it is not known if tubulin isotypes directly control this basic microtubule property. Here, we report high-resolution cryo-EM reconstructions (3.5-3.65 A) of purified human alpha1B/beta3 and alpha1B/beta2B microtubules and find that the beta-tubulin isotype can determine protofilament number. Comparisons of atomic models of 13- and 14-protofilament microtubules reveal how tubulin subunit plasticity, manifested in "accordion-like" distributed structural changes, can accommodate distinct lattice organizations. Furthermore, compared to alpha1B/beta3 microtubules, alpha1B/beta2B filaments are more stable to passive disassembly and against depolymerization by MCAK or chTOG, microtubule-associated proteins with distinct mechanisms of action. Mixing tubulin isotypes in different proportions results in microtubules with protofilament numbers and stabilities intermediate to those of isotypically pure filaments. Together, our findings indicate that microtubule protofilament number and stability can be controlled through beta-tubulin isotype composition.
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Human beta-Tubulin Isotypes Can Regulate Microtubule Protofilament Number and Stability.,Ti SC, Alushin GM, Kapoor TM Dev Cell. 2018 Sep 18. pii: S1534-5807(18)30684-1. doi:, 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.08.014. PMID:30245156<ref>PMID:30245156</ref>
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==See Also==
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*[[Tubulin 3D Structures|Tubulin 3D Structures]]
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 6e7c" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
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__TOC__
</SX>
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[[Category: Human]]
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[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Alushin, G M]]
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[[Category: Alushin GM]]
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[[Category: Kapoor, T M]]
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[[Category: Kapoor TM]]
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[[Category: Ti, S C]]
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[[Category: Ti SC]]
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[[Category: Cytoskeleton]]
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[[Category: Microtubule]]
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[[Category: Recombinant human tubulin]]
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[[Category: Structural protein]]
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[[Category: Tubulin isotype]]
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Current revision

14-pf 3-start GMPCPP-human alpha1B/beta2B microtubules

6e7c, resolution 3.65Å

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